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- ItemThe functionality comparison of the health care systems by the analytical hierarchy process method(Technická Univerzita v Liberci, 2014-09-04) Šoltés, Vincent; Gavurová, Beáta; Ekonomická fakultaDay surgery is one of the areas that are still not implemented in Slovakia in the intentions of finding significant economic savings in the health care system. The primary objective to use day surgery was to separate the patients with lighter chirurgical procedure, to less traumatize the patients with hospitalization, to protect the patient from nosocomial infections and to make recovery easier in greater comfort of the own home. The primary impulse for dealing with the effectiveness of health care systems, with an emphasis on day surgery, were conflicting responses regarding the efficiency and effectiveness of deployment and use of day surgery performance. On the one hand, we find the direct and indirect evidence of functional application of day surgery performance in health facilities in Slovakia and its potential benefits in achieving the aims of health policy of the SR. On the other hand there are critical responses on lack of the effects of the day surgery use, which are associated with low valuation of stated procedures which are inadequate to the real costs. It hinders its development in comparison with the development abroad. The main aim of this article is to compare the functionality of day surgery care in comparison with the system orientated on traditional hospitalization, using the opinion of the experts who represent the system of health care in Slovakia. For orientation in criteria characterizing the functionality of health care systems in Slovakia, we started from the premise that the functionality of health care system is a basis of its effectiveness. Given the considerable heterogeneity of compared criteria of health care systems we have chosen the method of Analytical Hierarchy Process as the optimal method, supported by the expert group method.
- ItemScenarios and their application in strategic planning(Technická Univerzita v Liberci, 2014-09-04) Fotr, Jiří; Špaček, Miroslav; Souček, Ivan; Vacík, Emil; Ekonomická fakultaThe article deals with the concept of scenario planning. Scenarios, as opposed to usual prediction methods, are focused on the identification of discontinuities in the development and help the organization cope with sudden changes and noticeably contribute to its survival. Contemporary methods of scenarios construction work on need to ensure flexibility of the strategic plan and get the firm ready for a quick reaction when set trigger points specifying the corresponding scenario come to pass. Processing of business environment information, known as Business Intelligence, becomes necessity. Based on the methodological platform, it describes in detail the stepwise process of scenario construction. The very process of scenario elaboration goes through six basic steps, Identification of risk factors and determination of their importance; Selection of key risks which, according to the company’s opinion, fundamentally influence fulfilment of strategic goals; Formulation of basic scenarios and testing their consistency; Determination of probability of scenarios occurrence and Performing a “gap analysis” for the sake of determining the extent of strategic goals fulfilment. There are various types of scenarios which might be respected due to the development of entrepreneurial environment introduced and discussed. Respecting the indicated risk factors and their influence on key risks of the financial plan, the spread of scenarios is being drafted. It is typical of business practice to work with 3–4 scenarios. Besides determining the impact of a risk on the firm’s performance (the rate of fulfilling set strategic goals), the probability assessment of each scenario is also necessary. Outputs from constructed scenarios are to be worked up into a particular strategic option, which may be used as a qualified base for the strategic decision-making process.The practical application shows how the methodology used raises flexibility in strategic planning of the firm.
- ItemThe costs and reimbursements for lung cancer treatment among selected health care providers in the Czech Republic(Technická Univerzita v Liberci, 2014-09-04) Šimrová, Jana; Barták, Miroslav; Vojtíšek, Radovan; Rogalewicz, Vladimír; Ekonomická fakultaThe objective of the article is to objectivise and assess the costs for the lung cancer therapy from the payer’s (health insurance company) and the healthcare provider’s (hospital) perspective based on information available from several large hospitals and specialised centres. No comprehensive assessment of costs related to the treatment of lung cancers at all stages has been published in the Czech Republic to-date. The results in this study are calculated based on diagnostic and therapeutic algorithms, i.e. process maps. These, in turn, are derived from the recommended therapeutic procedures issued by the Masaryk Institute of Oncology, the University Hospital in Hradec Králové and the University Hospital in Plzeň. In total, the costs and reimbursements were calculated for 32 utilized algorithms, i.e. process maps. The costs for therapeutic processes account for 22 results, while 10 results correspond to diagnostic processes. Both direct and indirect costs were included in individual calculations. The calculations imply that treatment costs significantly differ depending on the selected diagnostic and therapeutic procedure. It becomes apparent that the setting of the reimbursement system presently generates different stimuli for providers, who may reach both positive and negative balances. This fact, in turn, may have an effect on the economic result leading, in its consequence, to the preference of more suitable alternatives in terms of reimbursement regardless of the optimum procedures for the particular patient. This fact is, to a certain extent, reflected by the reimbursements calculated by means of the DRG system. The given algorithms may potentially be used by health care providers to reach working costs, which will allow accurate calculations for particular hospitals.
- ItemConcept of the computer science course and some aspects of ICT integration into education(Technická Univerzita v Liberci, 2014-09-04) Rosman, Pavel; Buřita, Ladislav; Ekonomická fakultaThe paper summarizes the experience of teaching Computer Science for Economists (CSE) course at the Faculty of Management and Economics (FaME) at Tomas Bata University (TBU) in Zlín. The paper presents approaches aimed at developing the effectiveness in increasing students’ knowledge and analyses just one aspect of the research – the importance of the CSE course for students. It describes methodology and technology support of using information and communication technology (ICT) in teaching full-time and part-time students. The experience of the introduction of new approaches and methods into teaching with the use of ICT is offered. There are mentioned some aspects, connect with the ICT as a knowledge society, knowledge management, learning organisation and education processes, eBusiness, ICT support of business and ICT in education. The first part of the paper describes the teaching of the CSE course at FaME/TBU. It states the objective, overview of subject areas and methodology of teaching as well as the use of information and communication technologies. The second part contains the results of the research on the CSE course, its importance for students, focusing mostly on enterprise computer science. The tutors try to improve the course constantly, develop the ICT use, and thus prepare students in accordance with the requirements of the social environment. The analysis of the research results makes possible to suggest options for further development of the course. Although the paper does not cover of all aspects of the CSE course at TBU in favour of enterprise computer science, it presents the basic framework schema of teaching and experience of tutors. The experience of teaching and assessing students’ knowledge are summarized. In the future the research will be extended to the guarantors of the subjects building on the results of the ICT teaching.
- ItemComplex agent-based models: application of a constructivism in the economic research(Technická Univerzita v Liberci, 2014-09-04) Bureš, Vladimír; Tučník, Petr; Ekonomická fakultaThe current state in research of economic systems is characterised by two prevailing issues. Firstly, study of economic systems is traditionally based on analytical and econometric tools, which have been the main arbiters of the veracity or plausibility of assumptions and hypotheses in economics. This approach has been proved to be highly suitable for theory development. Secondly, practical issues and necessity to support decision-making led to development of various modelling and simulation techniques or tools. However, majority of these approaches usually fail when coping with complexity. Furthermore, several main areas of interest can be identified in the business and economics modelling. Nevertheless, these areas are mostly independent due to their problem-based focusing on particular issues and their solutions. Depicted gaps might be bridged with the help of new modelling paradigms that have been established only recently. Application of agent-based modelling in the realm of economic systems is labelled as Agent-based Computational Economics (ACE). In particular sections of this paper results of experiments run on the novel model are described. The model is based on agents, which are described as a vector of several observed parameters, and four types of agents are used, namely consumer agent, factory agent, mining agent, and transportation agent. In addition, a colony is added as the fifth type of meta-agent. Scalability and configuration options of the model enable for various configuration and thus for conducting specific experiments. The presented system is already implemented as a prototype version in the NetLogo environment. The paper depicts two example scenarios, resource production and resource proximity, and offers interpretation of achieved results. Since most of the work done so far was focused on individual agents, group perspective as an important extension of ACE modelling is suggested as the further research and development direction.
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