Využití instrumentálních technik ke studiu vlivu povrchu částic nanoželeza na jejich reaktivitu
Title Alternative:Using of instrumental techniques for studying nanoiron particle surface influence on their reactivity
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Date
2012
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Technická Univerzita v Liberci
Abstract
Tato práce si vzala za cíl studium vlivu povrchu částic nanoželeza na jejich reaktivitu. K tomu bylo využito různých instrumentálních technik a experimentálních postupů. Především fotometrie a dále také plynové chromatografie a spektrometrie s indukčně vázanou plasmou (ICP). Byly porovnávány rozdílné typy nanoželeza a jejich schopnost redukce šestimocného chrómu jako kontaminantu v podzemní vodě z lokality v Hrádku nad Nisou. Právě tak byly provedeny testy s těmito typy nanoželeza a podzemní vodou z lokality Hořice, v tomto případě znečištěnou chlorovanými uhlovodíky. Z důvodu zamezení přístupu atmosférického kyslíku probíhaly reakce nanoželeza s reálnou kontaminovanou vodou v uzavřených nádobách. Ty měly podobu promíchávaných reaktorů, ze kterých bylo možné pomocí čerpadla odebírat nepatrné množství vzorku v libovolných časových intervalech. Pro vsádkové testy byly použity reagenční lahve, které se z důvodu promíchávání vzorku umístily na rotační třepačku. V neposlední řadě byly využity skleněné kolony naplněné směsí zeminy a nanoželeza, ve kterých docházelo k redukční reakci při průtoku kontaminované vody. Při veškerých experimentech byly odebírány vzorky vody, analyzována koncentrace kontaminantu (fotometricky nebo pomocí plynové chromatografie) dosažená v určitém časovém horizontu a tím stanovena reaktivita daného typu nanoželeza. Naměřené hodnoty poté byly mezi sebou porovnány.
Objective of this thesis was to study effect of iron nanoparticles surface on their reactivity. It were used various instrumental techniques and experimental methods like spectrophotometery, gas chromatography and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Main objective was to compare diverse types of nanoiron and theirs reduction abilities. Reduced contaminants were chromium in oxidation state +6 and chlorinated hydrocarbons. Both of the contaminants were dissolved in groundwater. Chromium was from Hrádek nad Nisou and Chlorinated hydrocarbons were from Hořice locality. All reactions of nZVI and contaminate groundwater were realized in closed containers due to prevent contact with atmospheric oxygen. First kinds of test were made in reaction containers with constant stirring. From these reaction containers was possible to take an insignificant amount of sample in short time intervals. Second kinds of tests were realized in ordinary reaction bottles which were putted in special rotary and shaking device. Last kinds of tests were made with glass column filled with mixture of soil and nanoiron. In it took place the reduction of contaminant while the groundwater was flowing true this column. During the experiments after definite time were taken water samples for concentration analysis of contaminants. The analyses were made by spectrophotometer and by gas chromatograph. From the concentration figures were determined reactivity of individual nanoiron type. Finally the results were compared to each other.
Objective of this thesis was to study effect of iron nanoparticles surface on their reactivity. It were used various instrumental techniques and experimental methods like spectrophotometery, gas chromatography and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Main objective was to compare diverse types of nanoiron and theirs reduction abilities. Reduced contaminants were chromium in oxidation state +6 and chlorinated hydrocarbons. Both of the contaminants were dissolved in groundwater. Chromium was from Hrádek nad Nisou and Chlorinated hydrocarbons were from Hořice locality. All reactions of nZVI and contaminate groundwater were realized in closed containers due to prevent contact with atmospheric oxygen. First kinds of test were made in reaction containers with constant stirring. From these reaction containers was possible to take an insignificant amount of sample in short time intervals. Second kinds of tests were realized in ordinary reaction bottles which were putted in special rotary and shaking device. Last kinds of tests were made with glass column filled with mixture of soil and nanoiron. In it took place the reduction of contaminant while the groundwater was flowing true this column. During the experiments after definite time were taken water samples for concentration analysis of contaminants. The analyses were made by spectrophotometer and by gas chromatograph. From the concentration figures were determined reactivity of individual nanoiron type. Finally the results were compared to each other.
Description
katedra: NTI; přílohy: 1 CD ROM; rozsah: 91 s. (90000 znaků)
Subject(s)
nanoželezo, reaktivita, redukce, šestimocný chrom, chlorované uhlovodíky, analýza, nanoiron, reactivity, reduction, chromium in oxidation state +6, chlorinated hydrocarbons analysis