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- ItemDo inconsistent online reviews reduce sales for merchants on the platform? Evidence from China(Technická Univerzita v Liberci, ) Wang, Xulong; Fu, Chenyu; Leng, Feng; Ekonomická fakultaInconsistent online reviews are the norm in online shopping. However, platform merchants often believe that inconsistent online reviews have a negative impact on sales. They delete or hide negative reviews in pursuit of consistent praise. So, do inconsistent online reviews really reduce sales? In view of this, this study explores the impact of inconsistent online reviews on the sales of platform merchants based on the stimuli-organism-response (S-O-R) theory and service remediation theory, as well as its mechanism and boundary conditions. And using 5,487 crawler data and 447 questionnaire data, employing both ordinary least squares (OLS) model for empirical analysis. Moreover, in order to verify the robustness of the empirical results comprehensively and rigorously, four methods of changing the measurement model, adjusting the sample size, changing the data source and transforming the assignment were used to carry out the robustness test. The results show that the inconsistent online reviews have a significant inverted U-shaped effect on the sales of platform merchants. Brand image plays a significant mediating role in the influence of inconsistent online reviews on consumers’ purchase intention. And peer response conflict has a significant moderating effect on the impact of online review inconsistency on consumers’ purchase intention. Therefore, platform merchants should take a rational and open attitude towards inconsistent online reviews. In addition, platform merchants can adopt intelligent management methods for online reviews, pay attention to the shaping and strengthening of brand image, and pay attention to peer effect through social marketing, so as to maximize the benefits brought by the inconsistency of online reviews and minimize the potential negative impact of the inconsistency.
- ItemLeading the greening: Assessing leadership attitude towards green policies, green environment, and the green circular economy(Technická Univerzita v Liberci, ) Khan, Ali Junaid; Khan, Subuhi; Yar, Shahar; Gigauri, Iza; Jahangir, Asifa; Ekonomická fakultaDeveloping nations struggle to adopt and implement green initiatives in order to reach a circular economy. This study examined how leadership’s green attitude directly affects green policies, the green environment, and the green economy. Additionally, this study considers the mediating role of green policies in achieving green environment and green economy objectives by using transformational leadership theory. The data was collected from the management-level employees of a public-sector telecom company via email using a time-lag approach. The data was analyzed using Smart PLS 4.0. The results revealed that leadership’s green attitude affects the formulation and implementation of green policies in the organization. The leadership attitude also has a significant positive effect on the environment of organizations and contributes to a green economy. The empirical results show that green policies play a significant mediating role in enhancing a green environment and economy. This study has far-reaching consequences for corporate leadership and for the circular economy. It emphasizes the importance of proactive green actions done by leaders through the formulation and implementation of green policies. These actions not only boost the organization’s long-term viability but also contribute to the nation’s overall economic prosperity. The study’s theoretical contributions to transformative leadership and sustainable development provide a new path to accomplishing sustainable development goals.
- ItemThe link between corporate strategy and innovation in developing countries: The post-crisis trends and challenges(Technická Univerzita v Liberci, ) Peng, Ping; Wang, Jinliang; Ekonomická fakultaThis study aims to identify interrelationships between corporate strategy and innovation in developing countries in the post-COVID-19 context. The purpose of the study is to form a model that would allow to consider and process the impact of the innovational operations to the choice of the corporate strategy and its development within the operational domains of the developing countries, which ultimately can be able to meet the challenges in their economic growth and therefore contribute to the better outcomes of the post-crisis situations. The research hypotheses are that the post-crisis innovation activities do not depend on (H1) the ownership of the firm, (H2) its scale of operation, (H3) and industry but on (H4) the firm’s life cycle stage, and (H5) the strategy complexity level. Here, the survey of 424 random respondents from 424 Chinese firms provides evidence that refutes the first and third hypotheses (H1 and H3) while confirming other hypotheses (H2, H4 and H5). In addition, most respondents disagreed with the statement that “innovation is of secondary importance during the post-crisis period,” which suggests that innovation is a prerequisite for sustainable development. In addition to the previous research connected with the issues of corporate strategy and innovation, the present study has come up with the original hypotheses providing refutations and a new vision to the problem. The research findings present an extension to the understanding of corporate strategy and innovation during the post-crisis period, hence leading to the emergence of the up-to-date instruments able to solve the issues of the real economy after the COVID-19 crisis. The questionnaire, chosen as the research method, consisted of 18 2-section items, including a 7-item respondent profile and a 9-item analytical section. The respondent profile’s questions were: year of establishment of the firm (Q1), form of ownership (Q2), respondent’s position at the enterprise (Q3), sector in which the firm operates (Q4), firm size (Q5), profitability dynamics (Q6) and employment dynamics (Q7). The analytical section asked about the corporate strategies and innovation interactions. Q11 and Q12 resulted in 19.3% and 23.2% higher positive choice by private and limited liability firms, agricultural firms’ results were 27.3% below the average, start-ups and new firms’ activities demonstrated 14.7% more intensive innovative steps. Diversification is linked to the increased involvement into innovations, while the decreased level of innovation activity is linked to merger and acquisition practices. Ultimately, the first and second hypotheses (H1 and H3) were empirically proved to be false, and the remaining hypotheses (H2, H4 and H5) were confirmed. The present findings can be used to inform corporate strategy decisions in the real sector of the economy after the COVID-19 pandemic.
- ItemWhat is the level of spatial autocorrelation of the green economy? The case study of voivodships in Poland(Technická Univerzita v Liberci, ) Dziekanski, Pawel; Poplawski, Lukasz; Glova, Jozef; Ekonomická fakultaIn an era of resource scarcity, climate change, and environmental degradation, the growth of a green economy necessitates a new course for socio-economic development that successfully pursues sustainable development objectives. Among other things, variables related to demographics, the environment, technology, the economy, and society all contribute to its polarisation. The aim of the study is to understand what factors influence the development of the green economy in the various provinces of Poland, and how these factors may be related to each other in a spatial context. The selection of factors from 2010 to 2020 was the availability of Statistics Poland records. The study offers a spatial analysis of Poland’s green economy in its provinces in 2010, 2019, and 2020. Spatial autocorrelation was found using spatial statistical methods, and the geographical pattern of the green economy’s formation was shown. These analyses used measures of spatial autocorrelation, which allowed for the identification of spatial relationships of a particular characteristic throughout the whole research region and the connection between a particular place and nearby locations. Due to a combination of natural and geographic features, as well as the impact of socio-economic factors, each province in the nation has a unique economic climate, which determines its level of development and standard of life.
- ItemA proposal of a relative weighted online 5-star rating system as a way to mitigate online reviews biases(Technická Univerzita v Liberci, ) Mazurek, Jiri; Perez-Rico, Cristina; Fernandez-Garcia, Carlos; Ekonomická fakultaOnline ratings and reviews can be considered an electronic word of mouth regarding the quality of goods, products, or services. Reviews provide crucial information for customers, therefore significantly influencing their behavior, and they enable feedback to businesses from their customers, increase visibility, drive sales, help in developing a brand and building trust and reputation among consumers. However, the current 5-star rating system currently used on many Internet platforms such as Amazon or TripAdvisor suffers several drawbacks (biases) such as sentiment bias, polarization bias, non-discrimination bias, or vocal minority-silent majority bias. Therefore, the aim of the paper is to propose a new (weighted) relative 5-star rating system which takes into account reviewers’ history (in the form of the average and variance of the past reviews) and transforms absolute aggregate ratings into relative ones, thus providing less biased information for consumers and businesses. In particular, the proposed system reduces sentiment bias and non-discrimination bias. Moreover, the proposed approach enables to reduce the influence of ratings made by bots or dishonest evaluators-humans. The real-world application of the proposed approach dealing with ratings of selected attractions in Madrid area is provided as well.
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