Rok 2018 (ročník 21)

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The analysis of export trade between Ukraine and Visegrad countries
(Technická Univerzita v Liberci, 2018-06-28) Nagyová, Ľudmila; Horáková, Monika; Moroz, Serhiy; Horská, Elena; Poláková, Zuzana; Ekonomická fakulta
The dynamic development of foreign trade is important for the stable economic position. It can be considered as a confirmation of the actual efficiency of the national economy and its ability to be competitive in the global economics. In this paper, we analyze main tendencies of export trade of Ukraine with Visegrad countries and examine whether there is a relationship between the level of GDP and the volume of export activities between these countries. It should be noted that various agreements were concluded between Ukraine and each country of the V4 group regarding economic and trade relations. The main aim of this paper is to evaluate development of export of goods between Ukraine and Visegrad countries between years 2002-2013. The data of State Statistics Service of Ukraine, Eurostat and United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) were used. The development of export from Ukraine to V4 countries is investigated using the software GRETL and log-log linear model. It is discovered that Ukraine’s export operations are impacted by export to other trade partners and GDP per capita of the country. The strongest positive link to Ukraine export from V4 group is represented by Poland. It is identified that, when the GDP per capita of the concerned country goes up, the export to that country declines. It is also revealed that there is a substantial difference with respect to export of agricultural commodities from Ukraine to the above-mentioned countries. To a significant extent, Ukraine’s export is oriented towards plant products. Ukraine should elaborate a well-defined trade strategy and extend its current export activities with V4 countries. It should be more deeply integrated into the EU’s market for using more efficiently possibilities, which exist in the frame of the signed Ukraine-European Union Association Agreement.
Assessment of the impact of the international trade in agricultural products on the EU economic growth
(Technická Univerzita v Liberci, ) Remeikiene, Rita; Rozsa, Zoltan; Gaspareniene, Ligita; Pěnčík, Jan; Ekonomická fakulta
Although international trade is an incontestable driver of economic development, scientific literature still lacks the studies to assess the impact of the international trade in agricultural products on the EU economic growth. The agricultural sector is treated as specific in comparison to other economic sectors as the EU subsidisation policies causes distorted competition in both local and global agricultural markets. The main purpose of this article is to assess the impact of the international trade in agricultural products on the economic growth of EU28. The results of the correlation and regression analyses have revealed that the international trade in agricultural products (in particular, section I and III products) contributes only insignificant part, to the economic growth of EU28 through the following indicators: GDP in market prices, self-employment, employment in the agricultural sector, labour force rate, subsidies and other transfers. The results have also disclosed that while analysing the impact of the international trade in agricultural products on economic growth, there is no necessity to research export and import volumes in separate as agricultural export and import show nearly the same (only with insignificant value differences) determinants of economic growth promotion. Another important conclusion is that the international trade in agricultural products mainly comprises the trade in live animals and animal products (meat and edible meat offal, fish and crustaceans, molluscs and other aquatic invertebrates, dairy produce, birds' eggs, natural honey, edible products of animal origin, not elsewhere specified or included, and products of animal origin, not elsewhere specified or included) as well as animal or vegetable fats and oils and their cleavage products, prepared edible fats, and animal or vegetable waxes.
At the threshold of the fourth industrial revolution
(Technická Univerzita v Liberci, ) Kraftová, Ivana; Doudová, Iveta; Miláček, Radim; Ekonomická fakulta
At the beginning of the second decade of the 21st century, the Fourth Industrial Revolution based on the digitization of production processes, more precisely connecting the virtual world to the real world began. The aim of this article is to present the results of the research that focused on comparing the positions of the selected group of countries at the threshold of the Fourth Industrial Revolution in terms of their performance and competitiveness. The analysis is aimed at 13 countries – the six largest economies of the world and seven economies of the former Soviet bloc – from 1993 to 2015 using the localization quotient and index of regional concentration of the industry on the basis of gross added value, supplemented by the SHADE model, the Balassa index and evaluating the comparative advantage of countries in the area of ICT. The research defines the position pattern of countries for the manufacturing and ICT industries. It cannot be said that the differences in localization, resp. the concentration of the industries surveyed were determined by the size of the economy or its membership of traditional market economies. Exportability in ICT goods positively evaluates those economies that have managed to increase their positive Balassa index over time, resp. to get from its negative values to positive ones. The beginning of the Fourth Industrial Revolution is an unrepeatable moment of human history, just as it was with the First, Second and Third Industrial Revolutions. The one who knows and is able to accept, use and multiply the supporting trends is the one who gains.
A behavioral theory of the firm: specifics of Czech entrepreneurial behavior
(Technická Univerzita v Liberci, 2018-03-29) Mandysová, Ivana; Ekonomická fakulta
The article attempts to present empirically relevant, process-oriented behavioral theory of the firm incorporating Czech specific characteristics of entrepreneurial behavior. It conceptually reconciles the reality by looking at the original ideas of ‘A Behavioral Theory of the Firm’ by Cyert and March. Study critically examines available theoretical models of firm’s rational behavior investigated in heuristic theories. These models offer an interpretation of entrepreneurial behavior as a product of personal preferences and characteristics. A theoretical re-orientation towards recognition of entrepreneurial behavior is developed and illustrated. Contemporary research outcomes coincide that the emerging, probably eclectic, paradigm strongly emphasizes the role and quality of human capital including the entrepreneur´s skills. Study is based on in-depth qualitative empirical research and subsequently it derives from statistically established theoretical patterns. It explores and explains the way entrepreneurs make economic decisions, their actions and counteractions with business environment, while, at the same time, focusing on Czech specifics. Firms have proved exceptional flexibility and have succeeded in counteracting and even manipulating the shortcomings and disadvantages of business environment. They have exploited chances and grasp opportunities in spite of additional expenditures that increased their costs. It has been proved that decisions are not made according to designed strategic plans aimed at the achievement of goals and permanent profit increase. Research has discovered that behavioral patterns further offer an access to specialized inputs, discovered relations proved to provide the entrepreneur with access to knowledge and information, even though bounded rationality and imperfect knowledge often lead to satisfactory solution and are typical for Czech firms. To create a dynamic economy, which ensures that entrepreneurs can start and develop their businesses, public policy should understand entrepreneurship, support it, provide relevant public goods and motivate it properly.
Changes in industrial structure and potential: the case of Lithuania
(Technická Univerzita v Liberci, 2018-03-29) Saboniene, Asta; Ekonomická fakulta
The core aim of the research paper is to analyze the changes in the structure and potential of Lithuanian manufacturing industry, affected by the long process of economic transformation experienced since 1991. The purpose of this paper is to disclose how Lithuanian industrial structure has been moving towards the level of advanced industries, to analyze which sectors have the potential to contribute to the development of the overall manufacturing industry, and to explore how the contribution of individual manufacturing industries has changed over the researched period. The study provides the analysis of several key indicators, which enable to estimate the potential of Lithuanian industrial structure in accordance with quantitative particulars and revise the alteration of the contribution of individual manufacturing industries to the overall potential of Lithuanian manufacturing industry. This paper intends to present the estimations of the changes in Lithuanian industrial structure and its potential during the period of 2000-2014 on the basis of the composite Index of the Long Run Income Potential of Industrial Structure. The empirical analysis has revealed the significance of medium-high and low-tech industries and disclosed the variance of the contribution of individual manufacturing industries to the overall potential of Lithuanian manufacturing industry. The empirical study has disclosed that Lithuanian industrial structure shows a very modest potential of growth and development, and the potential of Lithuanian industrial structure remains a controversial issue. The evident shift into high-value added manufacturing industries, where knowledge and technology intensive sectors play the central role, has not been confirmed.
Comparative analysis of perception of advantages and disadvantages of integration of hospitals
(Technická Univerzita v Liberci, 2018-03-29) Staňková, Pavla; Papadaki, Šárka; Dvorský, Ján; Ekonomická fakulta
Integration and strategic alliances of companies represent a rapidly growing phenomenon in all industries. Also the integration and consolidation of healthcare organizations are not unusual themes in professional resources. The specialists observe especially a vertical and horizontal integration of hospitals and its influence to the increase of an effectiveness of healthcare provision. The results of these studies, however, do not conclusively prove the impact of all kinds of integration of hospitals to their efficiency and effectiveness growth. The present article focuses on horizontal integrated hospitals in the Czech Republic and the perception of advantages and disadvantages of integration of the hospitals by hospital managers themselves. The main aim of the research was to answer following research questions: Does the perception of advantages and disadvantages of participation in integration depend on the length of integration´s lifetime? Does the perception of advantages and disadvantages of participation in integration depend on the kind of integration? Regarding the overall view of the trend of integration, hospital managers see integration as promising. Further, the research results revealed that based on the research sample, we cannot unequivocally confirm a statistically significant difference between the two studied types of integration (holding and mergers). A statistically significant difference in the perception of the overall view of the advantages of integration also cannot be confirmed given a length of involvement in holding or merger. Overall, the hospital sees as disadvantages particularly the reduction of autonomy, the increased difficulty of promotion of changes and communication problems. As for the benefits, 93% of hospitals evaluated that the integration gives them a better negotiating ability with suppliers, 80% of hospitals noticed better negotiating ability with health insurance companies and about 80% report that there has been a reduction in costs.
Cross-border acquisitions in Central and Eastern Europe with focus on Russia versus Germany deals: an empirical analysis
(Technická Univerzita v Liberci, ) Langenstein, Tim; Vojtková, Anna; Užík, Martin; Ruepp, Andreas; Ekonomická fakulta
Globalization, deregulation and the attendant liberalization of capital markets have made cross border mergers and acquisitions attractive to firms seeking to strategically position themselves within the global economy to take advantage of the opportunities that globalization offers. As a result, cross-border acquisition and merging activities have increased dramatically over the recent decades. Because of the fall of the “iron curtain” and the proceeds of European integration, mainly the European single market has created new possibilities. Moreover, one of the main results of globalization is a greater role of emerging markets in the global economy, especially in the area of foreign direct investment. The paper therefore analyses announced and completed cross border acquisitions between a public listed acquirer and target companies from Central and Eastern Europe and associated reactions of the capital markets. The analysis focuses, in particular, on cross-border Russia versus Germany deals. Examining the sample of 11 085 announced deals over the period from January 1990 through December 2014, the analysis points out some important trends in the global economy in the area of companies acquisition and merging activities. In summary, it can be emphasized that Central and Eastern Europe as the region is very attractive from the market’s perspective due to the expected growth rates and the framework conditions as well as from the perspective of Western European investors. Analysis results indicate that Russian market is better in the area of cross-border acquisitions than remaining Central and Eastern European markets. It allows us to suggest that it is worthier investing in Russia than in remaining Central and Eastern Europe.
Default rate in the Czech Republic depending on selected macroeconomic indicators
(Technická Univerzita v Liberci, 2018-06-28) Stoklasová, Radmila; Ekonomická fakulta
The aim of this article is to analyse which macroeconomic indicators affect the default rate in the Czech Republic in the long run and to create a model that would allow to describe the expected share of the default rate depending on the development of selected macroeconomic indicators on the basis of this analysis. The vector error correction model was used for this purpose to determine both long-term and short-term causal relationships. To create the resulting model, the econometric methodology was used, namely unit root tests, Granger causality for the determination of statistically significant relationships, information criteria and the Johansen cointegration test. The results show the validity of expected assumptions in the case of short-term relationships. There was a positive correlation between the unemployment rate and the default rate delayed by one quarter. A negative short-term relationship to the default rate was found in the case of real GDP and in the case of the Czech crown effective exchange rate index with a one-quarter delay. In the case of long-term relationships, surprising results were found regarding GDP and oil price development. As expected, it was found in the long run that the default rate is positively related to the unemployment and effective exchange rate of the Czech crown. The default rate indicator is one of the inputs of the stress testing model developed by the Czech National Bank. The model is based on the time series of the share of outstanding loans and the total amount of loans, and on selected macroeconomic indicators. Achieved empirical results are influenced by the fact that the Czech economy has undergone the period of currency crisis. The data used have the character of quarterly time series in the period from 2005Q1 to 2017Q1. EViews software version 9 was used for the calculations.
Deflation and output across sectors: results for the Czech Republic
(Technická Univerzita v Liberci, ) Ryska, Pavel; Sklenář, Petr; Ekonomická fakulta
The present paper looks into the relationship between deflation and economic output. Previous studies relied uniquely on annual macroeconomic data on GDP and prices, which caused lack of observations on deflation. This paper uses panel data on 86 sectors of the Czech economy in 1993-2015, which offer more variation in price changes and display frequent observations of deflation. Our goal is to test the hypothesis whether deflation negatively affects output growth – as is commonly thought – and whether central banks should counter all deflation that appears. The most common argument against deflation is that decreasing prices lead consumers and firms to postpone purchases, which in turn depresses output. We find that (1) sectors with output price deflation and below-average inflation have higher growth rate of output, and that (2) these sectors also tend to show quicker growth in gross value added. This evidence contradicts the often held notion that deflation is linked with recession or subpar growth. It also shows that firms with deflating output prices do not have trouble preserving their profits. Deflation observed in the Czech economy in 1993-2015 is likely to be the result of falling unit costs enabled by firms’ investment rather than the result of falling demand. This might have policy implications. Our results highlight that monetary policy should differentiate among sources of deflation and that deflation observed in the Czech Republic has been rather of the 'good' type. We believe that our approach using sector data is novel because it uncovers more variation in prices and output than the more common approach that uses macroeconomic aggregates.
Does the tax relief for homeownership have effect on household mortgage leverage?
(Technická Univerzita v Liberci, 2018-03-29) Slintáková, Barbora; Klazar, Stanislav; Ekonomická fakulta
This article presents results of the analysis of the relationship between the tax relief for the homeownership and the household mortgage debt. The advantageous treatment of housing is provided especially by a personal income tax if owner-occupiers do not report imputed rents as income but can deduct mortgage interest costs. This preferred tax status is justified by the existence of positive externalities and a desire to enhance housing opportunities available to citizens. However, evidence that the housing policy via the taxation achieves its objectives is still weak. Moreover the tax provisions for the homeownership benefit rather higher-income households. Furthermore there are indications that the housing taxation encourages levered property purchases and thus contributes to the household debt growth. Since the household indebtedness can have adverse effects on households and macroeconomic performance we focused on the issue whether the income tax relief for homeowners that finance their dwellings via a mortgage does affect the household leverage. We constructed the variable capturing especially the mortgage interest payments deductibility. We employed the multiple regression and data for the former 15 EU member countries (except Greece) for the period 2004-2013. We estimated two models for two representative taxpayers who vary in a family status using the panel data analysis with fixed effects. From our results we inferred that the income tax relief for the homeownership might not have influenced the mortgage leverage significantly in the selected European countries in the given period. The mortgage debt was affected rather by the economic level, price of own housing, mortgage interest payments or demographic structure.
Dušan Pavlů, REKLUB 1927-1949. Chapters from the History of Czechoslovak Advertising, Professional Publishing, 2017
(Technická Univerzita v Liberci, 2018-03-29) Hes, Aleš; Ekonomická fakulta
Econometric assessment of customers’ personality biases and communication preferences correlation
(Technická Univerzita v Liberci, ) Kostelić, Katarina; Križman Pavlović, Danijela; Ekonomická fakulta
The tendency of bias identification and quantification with the goal of better estimation and prediction, grows. The purpose of this paper is to question how deep analysis is necessary to increase prediction of communication preferences given the customer’s personality traits/biases. Examined communication preferences regard to the communication approach, language use and information sharing. This paper offers a psychometric assessment of the personality estimates and traits, as well as econometric examination of correlation to consumer first-choice communication preferences using linear logit model with binomial dependent variable. The results point out that the more detail analysis provides more accurate predictions, to the point where estimators as regressors for communication choices provide more accurate prediction than the use of the personality traits as independent variables. Paper delivers empirical assessment of consumers’ communication preferences using primary data set. Practical implications relate to the use of the findings in communication with consumers in online and/ or digital marketing communication. One of the possible practical use of the results can be as an input for the recommendation agents. Theoretical implications of the findings request questioning the use of the personality traits as an interim stage in decision-making predictions. In addition, these findings fill the gap in the field of communication preference based on personality traits and personality estimators. The data set has been previously used for the doctoral thesis research. For the purpose of this research, data was re-coded and analyzed using different approach, namely binomial logistic regression.
Economic methods used in health technology assessment
(Technická Univerzita v Liberci, 2018-03-29) Klímová, Blanka; Marešová, Petra; Ekonomická fakulta
Early decision-making process about the development of a new product is essential for any company in order to gain relevant financial returns and thus prosper. Therefore, managers need to have at their disposal appropriate assessment tools which assist them in their decisions about the development of the new product and guarantee that their product will generate a desirable profit. The purpose of this review focuses on the exploration of the methodology, commonly used in the economic evaluation as part of health technology assessment for medical devices. On the basis of the selected original studies, the authors summarize the main methods used in the decision-making processes about the development of new medical devices and discuss their benefits and limitations. The methods employed in this study include a method of literature search in the databases Web of Science, MEDLINE, and Embase, and a method of comparison and evaluation of the results. The findings of this study indicate that the most preferred methods used in the economic evaluations of medical device development are cost-utility analysis and cost-effectiveness analysis. In addition, the Headroom Method is recommended to be used in the early assessment of the medical device development since it uses broader estimates of potential by determining the maximum reimbursable price of the new device. Selection of each method then depends on the research question, the condition of interest, and the availability of data on outcomes. There is an urgent need to conduct the early assessment of the medical device development in order to avoid negatively high costs and prevent a failure rate at each stage of the development process.
Economic projection and evaluation of mining venture
(Technická Univerzita v Liberci, 2018-06-28) Čech, Jozef; Šofranko, Marian; Ekonomická fakulta
The paper is dealing with a new approach and technique to evaluate entrepreneur ventures using computer aided economic projection system. The term “economic projection” represents ability to display given venture from engineer’s point of view (in constructive, object and process-oriented way) into financial reports and indicators over time. Eventually it enables the user to carry out financial, investment, sensitivity, risk, scenario and what-if analyses according to requirements. It opens possibilities for changes in design or plan in order to optimize given venture in terms of economic results. The introduction contains some critical views of contemporary state in given field, i.e. in evaluation and feasibility assessment of such capital intensive and time demanding ventures. In the next, it is dealing with mathematical formulation of the problem underlying new method and its computer realization. Finally, it presents practical application of the technique to an existing underground mine and mineral processing plant. The task was to make assessment of viability of a proposed mining venture on a selected part of deposit called Silver Vein. The study was to provide overall evaluation of the proposed venture, regarding many engineering aspects with eventually investment and financial analysis, risk and what-if analysis in defined cases, which were presented. The results show viability and optimistic outlook for this mining venture, certainly, at given declared conditions. Additionally, the study has encouraged for future research. The intention is to try to search for a balanced, although less profitable, but more socially oriented subvention-aided mining venture with mine expansion beyond limits of the selected parts of deposit and thereby to prolong the life of mine and to back employment in given region. Future applications being considered is to use the system at planning of highways and motorways within reconstruction of transport infrastructure, being pursued at the present time in Slovakia.
Effect of mass layoffs on health insurance expenditures: the case of the Ostrava region
(Technická Univerzita v Liberci, 2018-03-29) Louda, Jiří; Vojáček, Ondřej; Pechholdová, Markéta; Barták, Miroslav; Ekonomická fakulta
The objective of the paper is to make an analysis of the development of health insurance expenditures on healthcare for employees from the mass layoffs from ArcelorMittal Ostrava, a.s. The paper tests the hypothesis that closing down a large heavy industry plant in a structurally affected region will increase the risk of morbidity of the population being laid off, which will secondarily lead to increased healthcare expenditures in the form of ambulatory treatment or hospitalisation. The quantification of this hypothesis is based on a unique non-public data set provided by Česká průmyslová zdravotní pojišťovna, a. s., the chief insurance company for employees of ArcelorMittal Ostrava, a.s. The data set contains information about 2,265 insured persons. After some necessary methodological modifications, the analysed data set contained 1,408 insured persons. The relationship between unemployment and health, expressed here as morbidity by cause, is estimated using relative risk indicators. The calculation of the risk rates uses the person-year concept. The analysis carried out showed that the unemployed show 11% higher morbidity than the employed. We observed an increase in the morbidity of the unemployed by 21% for tumour diseases, 11% for mental illnesses, 23% for diseases related to alcohol, and 27% for other diseases. The annual costs per insured person at a productive age in the period 2008-2013 were CZK 15,081 without a differentiation by status. We found a significant difference between the annual costs of treatment of employed (CZK 13,420 a year) and unemployed persons (CZK 17,635 a year). The difference of CZK 4,215 means that the costs of treating the unemployed are 31% higher than those for treating the employed, being higher than the relative increase in the risk of disease. The conclusions confirm findings of published international studies.
Employer branding on social media and recruitment websites: symbolic traits of an ideal employer
(Technická Univerzita v Liberci, 2018-03-29) Eger, Ludvík; Mičík, Michal; Řehoř, Petr; Ekonomická fakulta
In recent years, the employer brand has become an important source of a sustainable competitive advantage. There is increasing evidence that employers need to place greater emphasis on communication with talented young people. Jobseekers usually have only basic information and vague knowledge and experience about a job and organizational characteristics in the early stage of the recruitment process, and in this situation the symbolic functions of a brand are significant. Nowadays, prospective applicants search for information about future employers by using their recruitment websites and social media. The study identifies the significant factors (symbolic traits) which attract Czech university business students to choose their potential employers. The study also contains a survey which investigates the use of social media and recruitment websites in relation to the employer brand, including perceptions of an ideal employer. The study brings results about symbolic employer attributes, which are presented in semantic differentials and contribute to research on employer branding by presenting how young people use recruitment websites and company social media to search for a potential employer. The findings of the conducted study suggest that chosen symbolic traits of an ideal employer are similar in the respondents and are independent of gender and employment status. According to the findings regarding social media and recruitment websites, respondents that follow information about job offers on an organization´s social media profiles don´t find the organization´s profiles on social sites important, whereas respondents that follow information about job offers on an organization´s recruitment websites find the organization´s profiles on social sites important. The paper concludes with theoretical and practical implications followed by directions for future research.
Evaluating efficiency in specialized hospital facilities
(Technická Univerzita v Liberci, ) Szabo, Stanislav; Mihalčová, Bohuslava; Gallo, Peter; Ivaničková, Marianna; Ekonomická fakulta
Currently, companies use for the diagnostic their performance different methods, parameters and indicators when the high current measurement and evaluation of effectiveness. Choosing the right key performance measures is to ensure the evaluation of the effectiveness with high recall and the possibility of subsequent influence and control very important. The main object of contribution is evaluating efficiency in hospital facilities specialized for patients suffering from cardio-vascular diseases, ailments that affect the largest group of people in living in Slovakia. This followed the discovery that the number of newborns in Slovakia suffering from congenital heart diseases has increased over the recent years, and in the period between 2002 and 2012 annually 451 children at an average are born with this congenital disorder. Another factor that prompted our research was that the diseases of the circulatory system are rated among the most frequent cause of hospitalization and mortality in Slovakia, as confirmed by the International Classification of Diseases or the ICD (the international equivalent of the Slovak MKCH-10). Accordingly, people suffering from cardio-vascular diseases belong to the most-frequently hospitalized patients. The third finding we have arrived at is the high level of consumption of prescription medicines by the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) Classification, again dominated by cardio-vascular diseases. The paper describes both the cardio-vascular diseases and the hospital facilities specialized in their treatment, assessing their efficiency in evaluating the major factors affecting them. The evaluation is carried out based on financial ratios and application of prediction models. The ouptut of this contribution consists in the evaluation of the efficiency of specialized hospital facilities (further only SHF) applying the DEA method and the evaluation of efficiency of the SHFs using financial ratios.
An evaluation model of business intelligence for enterprise systems with new extension of codas (codas-ivif)
(Technická Univerzita v Liberci, ) Heidary Dahooei, Jalil; Kazimieras Zavadskas, Edmundas; Vanaki, Amir Salar|Firoozfar, Hamid Reza; Keshavarz-Ghorabaee, Mehdi; Ekonomická fakulta
Due to today's dynamic and changing environment and the organization need to decide in emergencies and accurate analysis of the internal and external environment from different aspects, creating a decision support environment is considered as a vital factor for the success of organizations that is achieved using business intelligence. Hence, it is necessary to have enterprise systems at a reasonable level of business intelligence to provide an environment suitable for supporting decision makers through aggregation and analysis of data in their database. Therefore, this study provides a novel assessment framework of BI for enterprise systems, by extending of CODAS method with interval-valued intuitive fuzzy sets. The CODAS is a new method for multiple attribute decision making (MADM) problems. In the proposed model, a number of 34 criteria from the most important BI indexes are identified and, accordingly, five enterprise systems are evaluated through expert discussions. The results reveal that the most important assessment criteria defined by expert panels include visual graph display, dashboard design, capable of data storage, meeting stakeholder needs, and the possibility for detailed realistic analysis. Then, one alternative is defined as the final selection which provides an outstanding performance on the criteria of groupware programs, group decision-making tools, training techniques, data transfer capability, knowledge inference, supporting fuzzy concepts under ambiguity and uncertainty, real-time analytical processing, managing email channels, and achieving stakeholder satisfaction. The results obtained from the extended method are compared with three different ranking techniques. And, the analysis of correlation coefficients confirms similarity between this solution and such methods as COPRAS-IVIF and MABAC-IVIF.
Evaluation of knowledge synergy components
(Technická Univerzita v Liberci, 2018-03-29) Skačkauskienė, Ilona; Hrušecká, Denisa; Katinienė, Aušra; Čepel, Martin; Ekonomická fakulta
There is no doubt that knowledge is a key asset of any organisation, enabling it to get a competitive advantage, implement innovation, deal with difficulties and improve its management processes. Requirements on employees´ knowledge have been rising in recent years, especially with regard to the new trends and currently the widely discussed fourth industrial revolution. In the emerging network economy and knowledge society, organisations must be ready for complex knowledge dissemination and management processes. Knowledge is collected, stored, assessed, and created by an organisation and shared by its members. In the course of knowledge dissemination, members of the organisation create synergy which generates unique knowledge. Managing organisational knowledge necessary for the creation of added value and the acquisition of a competitive advantage requires evaluating the knowledge synergy and its components. The paper aims at identifying knowledge synergy components and providing an evaluation method of employees’ knowledge synergy and its components to have a rational and objective evaluation of employees’ knowledge, relations among employees, and organisational knowledge synergy. To achieve this aim, knowledge synergy components are identified, evaluation issues are revealed, types of knowledge synergy relations are presented together with an evaluation formula for each of these relations, components of employees’ knowledge and factors reflecting knowledge content are specified, an evaluation formula for each component is provided, and an organisational knowledge synergy evaluation method is described. Due to its versatility, presented results are applicable in any industry or business area for measuring and improving intellectual capital as well as for benchmarking purposes. The research applies methods of analysis, synthesis, graph theory and combinatorics as well as a systematic approach.
Evaluation of the financial and economic development of the European Union member states on basis of multiple indicators changed to multiple objectives
(Technická Univerzita v Liberci, ) Li, Changxing; Ekonomická fakulta
Innovation has received more and more attention in the European Union since adoption of the Lisbon Strategy in 2000. In 2010 the European Commission 2010; European Council adopted a new strategy, Europe 2020, which stressed again the importance of innovations. Therefore it is important to evaluate the current level of the European Union Member States’ technological and economic development as well as its innovations impact on it. Innovation impact on economic development was analyzed by correlating various composite indices with GDP per capita indicator. The author proposes a conceptual model for economic development evaluation according to a world-system approach. The level of economic development can thus be identified by a system of indicators rather than single one (e. g. GDP per capita). A new conceptual model for the European Union Member States’ technological and economic development according to the world-system approach is proposed in this article. The world-system approach describes structure, relations and dynamics of international systems encompassing separate entities such as states. Three main roles of the states can be defined: core, semi-periphery and periphery. Core states are the most technologically and economically developed ones and accumulate capital from peripheral states. The model consists of system of indicators, application of multi-criteria evaluation methods and summarized ranking. The system of indicators covers indicators describing technological, economic and social situation in the European Union treated as objectives. MULTIMOORA and TOPSIS methods were used together in order to improve robustness of the analysis. Summarized ranks resemble level of technological and economic development of certain European Union Member States and thus their roles in the European world-system. There were three groups of Member States defined, representing core, semi-periphery and periphery of the European world-system. These ranks can be used in further studies instead of single indicators representing economic development (e.g. GDP per capita). In addition, some theoretical issues regarding multi-criteria evaluation methods are discussed in the paper.

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