Matematika u žáků se specifickými poruchami učení
Title Alternative:Mathematics and Pupils with Specific Disorders
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Diplomová práce se zabývá výukou matematiky u žáků prvního stupně se zaměřením na žáky se specifickými poruchami učení. Tito žáci vykazují ve vzdělávacím procesu nerovnoměrné výkony, které se zásadním způsobem odrážejí i v osvojování matematických dovedností. Podrobněji je pozornost věnována didaktice matematiky a komparaci vzdělávacího přístupu profesora Hejného s klasickou metodou výuky matematiky.Cílem práce je porovnání školní úspěšnosti v matematice u žáků prvního stupně základní školy, kteří jsou vyučováni metodou profesora Hejného, se žáky vzdělávanými v matematice metodou klasickou. Dále se zaměřujeme na žáky se specifickou poruchou učení a na míru vlivu této poruchy na osvojování matematických dovedností v závislosti na výukové metodě. Pro získání dat byla použita zejména metoda didaktického testu a kazuistická metoda. Hlavním zjištěním bylo, že žáci se specifickými poruchami učení vedení metodou profesora Hejného jsou při řešení zadaných úloh úspěšnější než žáci vedení klasickou metodou.
The aim of the thesis is to find answers to research questions dealing with school success of pupils with specific learning disorders compared with children without such diagnosis. We also deal with school success of children with specific learning disorders in mathematics taught by prof. Hejný´s method compared with pupils taught by classical method.The thesis deals with comparison of written assignments in mathematics of children diagnosed with some of the specific learning disorders with those without specific learning disorders. They are children taught by the conventional method of learning mathematics and children taught by Hejný´s method. The research was focused on comparability of the performance of children diagnosed with a learning disorder and taught by Hejný´s method with those without any learning disorders. The choice of pupils was based on recommendations of mathematic teachers and reports from Educational and Psychological Counselling. As a reference group, work results of children with no diagnosis of learning disability and taught by both methods were chosen. In all cases they were pupils of the 4th and 5th classes of elementary school. Success rate was assessed on the base of written assignments results of the pupils.Specific disorders is a collective name for various disorders reflected in difficulties in acquiring and using such skills as speaking, understanding spoken word, reading, writing, mathematical reasoning and counting and attention deficit disorders. They are namely dyslexia, dysgraphia, dyscalculia, dysmusia, dysorthographia, dyspinxia and dyspraxia.The main finding was that the children with learning disorders taught by Hejný´s method were more successful in solving assignments than the children taught by classical method.
The aim of the thesis is to find answers to research questions dealing with school success of pupils with specific learning disorders compared with children without such diagnosis. We also deal with school success of children with specific learning disorders in mathematics taught by prof. Hejný´s method compared with pupils taught by classical method.The thesis deals with comparison of written assignments in mathematics of children diagnosed with some of the specific learning disorders with those without specific learning disorders. They are children taught by the conventional method of learning mathematics and children taught by Hejný´s method. The research was focused on comparability of the performance of children diagnosed with a learning disorder and taught by Hejný´s method with those without any learning disorders. The choice of pupils was based on recommendations of mathematic teachers and reports from Educational and Psychological Counselling. As a reference group, work results of children with no diagnosis of learning disability and taught by both methods were chosen. In all cases they were pupils of the 4th and 5th classes of elementary school. Success rate was assessed on the base of written assignments results of the pupils.Specific disorders is a collective name for various disorders reflected in difficulties in acquiring and using such skills as speaking, understanding spoken word, reading, writing, mathematical reasoning and counting and attention deficit disorders. They are namely dyslexia, dysgraphia, dyscalculia, dysmusia, dysorthographia, dyspinxia and dyspraxia.The main finding was that the children with learning disorders taught by Hejný´s method were more successful in solving assignments than the children taught by classical method.