Využití moderních metod pro hodnocení vývoje bakteriálního biofilmu na nanovlákenné textilii
Title Alternative:The use of modern methods for evaluating of bacterial biofilm development on nanofiber textile
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Date
2012
Authors
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Publisher
Technická Univerzita v Liberci
Abstract
Práce se zabývá biologickým čištěním odpadních vod a moderními metodami hodnocení bakteriálního biofilmu. První část práce pojednává o dlouhodobých laboratorních experimentech pro čištění odpadních vod s vysokým obsahem fenolů, kresolů a dimethylfenolů. V laboratorních experimentech byla užita podzemní voda z areálu bývalé výroby fenolů. Experimenty byly provozovány jako kontinuální průtočné bioreaktory se dvěma typy nosičů biomasy (pro fixaci mikroorganismů na jejich povrchu). Reaktory byly inokulovány bakteriemi rodu Rhodococcus erythropolis, které byly předem adaptovány na dané znečištění na VŠCHT Praha. V prvním případě byl zvolen reaktor s fluidním ložem a komerčním nosičem AnoxKaldnes. Ve druhém reaktor s fixním ložem, v němž byl užit nanovlákenný nosič vyvíjený na Technické univerzitě v Liberci. Kontinuální provoz obou reaktorů byl pravidelně sledován, tudíž bylo následně možné zhodnotit účinnost degradace fenolických látek, nalézt limitní stavy reaktorů a porovnat účinnost reaktorů a užitých typů nosičů (komerční AnoxKaldnes a nanovlákenný). Druhá část práce se zabývá sledováním vývoje biofilmu na daném nosiči metodami běžnými a také mikroskopickým snímáním doplněným o obrazovou analýzu. Přednostmi obrazové analýzy jsou její rychlost, objektivní hodnocení, efektivita při zpracování velkého množství dat a také nevyžaduje žádnou větší zkušenost s analytickým postupem. Z hlediska biologické praxe je výhodou neinvazivní charakter obrazové analýzy, vzorek není nutné jakkoli poškozovat či barvit, tudíž je umožněno opětovné využití vzorku. V obrazové analýze biofilmu bylo snahou definovat co nejjednodušší postup stanovení především plošného zaplnění (míry kolonizace nosiče) biofilmem. Vzniklá metoda umožnila odhad bakteriální populace na daných typech nosičů z kontinuálního provozu reaktorů a určení kinetiky růstu biofilmu na nich. Výsledky obrazového hodnocení poskytly možnost porovnání komerčního nosiče s nanovlákenným a výběr nejvhodnějšího typu nanovlákenného nosiče, neboť byly užity nosiče s odlišným nánosem nanonovlákna.
This thesis deals with biological cleaning of wastewaters and modern methods for evaluating of bacterial biofilm. The first part of the thesis covers long-term laboratory experiments for cleaning of wastewaters with high content of phenols, cresols, and dimethylphenols. For the laboratory experiments was used ground water from an area of former phenol production. Experiments were operated as continual flow rate bioreactors with two different carriers of biomass (for fixation of microorganisms on their surface). Reactors were inoculated with bacterium of Rhodococcus erythropolis species, which were in advance adapted for the given kind of contamination on VŠCHT Praha. In the first case, it was chosen the fluidized bed reactor with commercial carrier AnoxKaldnes. In the second, it was used fixed bed reactor with nanofiber carrier which was developed on TUL Liberec. Continual operation of both reactors was periodically observed, so thus we were able to evaluate the rate of degradation of phenol substances and find limit conditions of reactors, compare effectiveness of both reactors and used types of carriers (commercial carrier AnoxKaldnes, and nanofiber carrier). Second part deals with the observation of biofilm development on a chosen carrier. Observation is done by common methods and microscopy, which is supplemented by image analysis. Image analysis is quick, provides objective evaluation, it is effective during handling huge amount of dates, and additionally it does not require knowledge of analytical methods. The advantage of an image analysis is its non invasive character; it does not need to damage or dye the sample. The sample can be reused. There was made an effort to define the simplest process of determination of a biofilm area cover (which represents the rate of colonization of carrier) in the image analysis. The method hereby developed was used for the estimation of bacterial population on the given carriers from the continual operation of reactors. The method was also used for determining the biofilm grow rate. From the results of image analysis, we were able to compare used types of carriers and furthermore determine the best nanofiber carrier, because there were used carriers with various layers of nanofiber.
This thesis deals with biological cleaning of wastewaters and modern methods for evaluating of bacterial biofilm. The first part of the thesis covers long-term laboratory experiments for cleaning of wastewaters with high content of phenols, cresols, and dimethylphenols. For the laboratory experiments was used ground water from an area of former phenol production. Experiments were operated as continual flow rate bioreactors with two different carriers of biomass (for fixation of microorganisms on their surface). Reactors were inoculated with bacterium of Rhodococcus erythropolis species, which were in advance adapted for the given kind of contamination on VŠCHT Praha. In the first case, it was chosen the fluidized bed reactor with commercial carrier AnoxKaldnes. In the second, it was used fixed bed reactor with nanofiber carrier which was developed on TUL Liberec. Continual operation of both reactors was periodically observed, so thus we were able to evaluate the rate of degradation of phenol substances and find limit conditions of reactors, compare effectiveness of both reactors and used types of carriers (commercial carrier AnoxKaldnes, and nanofiber carrier). Second part deals with the observation of biofilm development on a chosen carrier. Observation is done by common methods and microscopy, which is supplemented by image analysis. Image analysis is quick, provides objective evaluation, it is effective during handling huge amount of dates, and additionally it does not require knowledge of analytical methods. The advantage of an image analysis is its non invasive character; it does not need to damage or dye the sample. The sample can be reused. There was made an effort to define the simplest process of determination of a biofilm area cover (which represents the rate of colonization of carrier) in the image analysis. The method hereby developed was used for the estimation of bacterial population on the given carriers from the continual operation of reactors. The method was also used for determining the biofilm grow rate. From the results of image analysis, we were able to compare used types of carriers and furthermore determine the best nanofiber carrier, because there were used carriers with various layers of nanofiber.
Description
katedra: NTI; přílohy: 1 CD; rozsah: 77 s. (109 049 znaků)
Subject(s)
biodegradace, nosiče biomasy, nanovlákenná technologie, obrazová analýza, neinvazivní metoda, biodegradation, biomass carriers, nanofiber technology, image analysis, non-invasive method