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A 2D CELLULAR AUTOMATON MODEL OF LIQUID ABSORPTION INTO PAPER FIBERS WITH HYDROPHOBIC TREATMENT
(Technical University of Liberec, ) KŘÍŽ, VÍTĚZSLAV; KŘÍŽOVÁ, HANA; KOCICH, MARTIN; DALÍKOVÁ, JOHANA; Technická univerzita v Liberci
In this work, the issue of applying water or a homogeneous aqueous suspension with a uniform size of (nano)particles (e.g., ink) to the surface of SBSK (southern bleached softwood kraft) paper with randomly arranged local hydrophobic treatment is investigated and then simulated. Based on the two investigated models, various simulation approaches were compared, an own simulation model was created, and its validity was subsequently demonstrated on the experiments performed.
ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF COTTON FIBRES TREATED WITH PARTICLES EXTRACTED FROM CITRUS PLANTS: A REVIEW
(Technical University of Liberec, ) ALI, REHMAT; KARAMAT, UM E HABIBA; NAZIR, HAFIZA SABA; BAIG, MIRZA MUHAMMED MOHSIN; KHAN, BILAL ALAM; ULLAH, ASAD; USMAN, OSAMA; WASEEM, TANYA; TAHIR, MUHAMMAD FARRUKH; Technická univerzita v Liberci
Nanotechnology is an emerging technology in textile sector for the fabrication of functional textiles with different properties such as antibacterial, hydrophobicity, UV-protection, flame retardancy, anti-static and self-cleaning. In current COVID-19 crises, the development of antimicrobial textiles through the deposition of nanoparticles has emerged as a research subject of particular interest. Recently, the green-synthesis of nanoparticles from plant extracts has become an effective alternative to conventional physical and chemical synthesis methods due to being environmentally benign and nontoxic. In this review article, the significance of nanotechnology in antibacterial finishing of textiles, mechanism of antibacterial activity of nanoparticles, significance of green synthesis methods for nanoparticles have been discussed. The green-synthesis of different nanoparticles from the citrus plant extracts and their application on textiles for imparting antibacterial activity is reviewed in particular. The chemical composition of citrus plant extracts and their role as bioreductants in the synthesis of nanoparticles is also highlighted. Moreover, different qualitative and quantitative standard testing protocols employed for the antimicrobial characterization of plant extracts and textiles have been discussed. The major challenges and limitations associated with the plant-based biosynthesis of nanoparticles have also been highlighted.
APPLICATION OF JBATIK TECHNOLOGY IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF MOTIF DESIGN FOR TRADITIONAL BATIK CRAFTSMEN
(Technical University of Liberec, ) Ciptandi, Fajar; Rosandini, Morinta; Lukman, Muhamad; Technická univerzita v Liberci
This participatory action study is aimed at identifying the adaptation level of traditional batik craftsmen in developing batik motif designs using jBatik software technology. The research participants consist of 10 traditional batik craftsmen, three from the innovators group and seven from the adopters group located in Kerek District, Tuban Regency, East Java Province, Indonesia. The application of jBatik technology will be carried out using the Diffusion of Innovation theory which divides the process stages into 5, namely the knowledge stage, persuasion stage, decision stage, implementation stage, and confirmation stage. The results of the theory application resulted in 4 things. First the knowledge about various social system variables and the characteristics of the innovation recipients. Second, the design of the communication model to include knowledge about the innovation of batik motif design as a result of the JBatik software. Third, the results of the simulation of the application of batik motif designs produced by the jBatik software with craftsmen. Fourth, validation of the simulation results of the application of batik motif design innovations by craftsmen by people who had the ability to measure the level of absorption of innovation, so that the level of adaptation of traditional craftsmen to the technological challenges of the jbatik device could be identified. This study contributes to determining the level of knowledge and basic skills possessed by traditional batik craftsmen to serve as a starting point in deciding innovation strategies to be solutions that can be implemented by them.
BUILDING DATABASE IN BALANCING KNITTED GARMENT LINES SOFTWARE IN INDUSTRY
(Technical University of Liberec, ) THAO, PHAN THANH; PHAN, DUY-NAM; Technická univerzita v Liberci
The garment industry is one of the key industries contributing to the economic growth of Vietnam. Industry 4.0 has significantly altered the operational procedures of conventional enterprises. The implementation of technological, digital, and artificial intelligence applications has increased the global efficacy of corporate governance. To successfully assimilate into the regional and global economies, Vietnamese businesses must enhance their management capabilities and maximize both the quantity and quality of their products. In order to achieve this objective, the authors have conducted research to develop a database of sewing line balancing implemented in Assembly Line Balancing software for two common knitted products, namely Polo- Shirts, and T-Shirts. School of Textile-Leather and Fashion, Hanoi University of Science and Technology (HUST) methods compared and evaluated this result of sewing line balancing of 2 Polo-Shirt and T-Shirt products according to the manual, software, and actual calculation method at 3 enterprises: Star Fashion Company Ltd., Regent Garment Factory Ltd., and Hanoi General Textile Garment Joint Stock Company (Hanosimex). Since then, we have completed the sewing line balancing database for Polo-Shirt and T-Shirt products to row sewing lines for cases in which the path of semi-finished products is both straight and zigzag. The findings of this study can be applied to group conjugation lines and suspended lines transporting semifinished goods. The database has been constructed meticulously and standardized to ensure the diversity, richness, and universality of all product technology structure options applicable to garment companies. The database is utilized in the Assembly Line Balancing software developed by the research team; this is an application-oriented research product that will transfer technology to garment enterprises producing knitwear, assisting them in overcoming current challenges. Reasonable production line layout contributes to optimizing existing production conditions, increasing labor productivity and the efficiency of production organization, and laying the groundwork for the application of digital technology.
CHITOSAN ADDED COMPOSITE VISCOSE YARN AND ITS POTENTIAL APPLICATION FOR DENIM FABRIC DEVELOPMENT
(Technical University of Liberec, ) KORKMAZ, AHMET; BABAARSLAN, OSMAN; Technická univerzita v Liberci
The rapid increase in consumption has led to the decrease and even extinction of natural resources on earth. The textile industry also has an important place in terms of consumption. The transition to more sustainable biodegradable products instead of established fossil-based materials has increased rapidly due to textile manufacturers and related industries, legal regulations, social responsibility commitments and increasing ecological awareness of customers. Developing new environmentally friendly, biodegradable material groups with new technologies or by modifying existing technologies has been the main goal of many researchers. In this context, we aimed to develop denim fabric that is effective against strong hospital bacteria by using the yarn containing biopolymer chitosan as a weft in denim production. Chitosan finds wide application in the textile industry due to its biodegradability, antibacterial activity and many more functionalities. Chitosan is used in biomedical textile applications in the textile industry, either as a wound healing, hemostatic (blood stopper), antibacterial, antifungal, either alone or modified to various derivatives or combined with other materials. In this context, instead of using chitosan as a coating material in our studies, chitosan-containing yarn was used in the production of denim fabric in order to distribute the chitosan more homogeneously and to increase the washing resistance. As a result, it was determined that the denim fabric developed by using chitosan-based yarn in weft in denim production reduces hospital bacteria (MRSA-Methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus) by > 99%.
COLOR PERCEPTION ESTIMATIONS OF METAMERIC PAIRS UNDER DIFFERENT ILLUMINANCE LEVELS
(Technical University of Liberec, ) Mukthy, Azmary Akter; Vik, Michal; Viková, Martina; Technická univerzita v Liberci
LEDs or light emitting diodes of the lighting class dominate both the indoor and outdoor lighting industries today due to their accuracy and consumer-friendly color temperature. In the context of color science, it is necessary to analyze both the spectral power distribution of lighting and the human characteristics of color perception under these lights. In this article, we provide estimates of the appearance of eleven metameric pairs under LEDs with four correlated color temperatures and six illuminance levels, using color difference formulas based on the CIELAB, CAM02-UCS, and CAM16-UCS models to verify our estimates. We followed ASTM D4086 standard visual methods for detecting metamerism and for estimating the magnitude of a metameric color difference. Our investigations found that color appearance models are more reliable than CIELAB in evaluating color difference under various LED conditions. CAM16-UCS more accurately predicted the color difference estimates between all three formulas. Our comparative study confirms that the variation in the estimates with the CCT and illuminance levels of the LED sources depends on the color appearance model used. The results also showed that in order to determine the color difference of metameric pairs, optimal conditions regarding the colorimetric properties of the samples and the variability of the observer should be considered separately. We noticed an increasing correlation trend with increasing illuminance. However, there was no such increase or decrease trend in CCTs. The trend of the STRESS change in the color appearance models showed the influence of the chromatic adaptation, but the establishment of adaptation patterns is far beyond the scope of this work. Although our research has had limitations on correlated color temperature and illuminance, we believe that it can be beneficial for the lighting application to ensure correct lighting decisions when assessing the color differences of metameric pairs.
COMFORTABLE AND PROTECTIVE HYBRID WEFT-KNIT PLATED FABRIC FROM GLASS AND WOOL/ACRYLIC YARNS
(Technical University of Liberec, ) İNCE, MEHMET ERDEM; İNANIR, SEVGI; ERDOĞAN, ESRA KUMSAL; Technická univerzita v Liberci
In this study, hybrid weft-knit plated fabrics were produced by co-feeding glass and wool/acrylic blend yarns. While the wool/acrylic yarn in contact with skin is expected to provide comfort, the glass yarn next to the environment is to provide protection. The physical, structural, air permeability, bursting strength, and the protection against flame properties of glass plus wool/acrylic plated fabric were compared with the reference fabrics consisting completely of glass or wool/acrylic blend yarn. Two factors: the yarn composition and the cam setting of the knitting machine were considered. Two-ply of glass yarn was fed to the each face of the reference glass fabric, and a single-ply of wool/acrylic yarn was fed to the each face of the reference wool/acrylic fabric. On the other hand, while the hybrid plated fabric’s back face accommodated two-ply of glass yarn, its front face involved a single-ply of wool/acrylic yarn. Two different cam settings, loose and tight, were selected. The physical and the structural properties of the fabrics were measured. Then, air permeability, bursting strength, and the protection against flame tests were performed. Test results were subjected to detailed statistical data analysis and how they were affected by the yarn composition and the cam setting was presented with visual and self-explanatory graphs.
COMPARISON OF QUANTITATIVE METHODS FOR DETERMINING THE ANTIBACTERIAL EFFECTIVENESS OF NON-WOVEN TEXTILES
(Technical University of Liberec, ) ŠČASNÍKOVÁ, KATARÍNA; SIBILOVÁ, ANDREA; BÁNOVSKÁ, ZUZANA; Technická univerzita v Liberci
This contribution is aimed at comparing two quantitative methods for determining the antibacterial effectiveness of non-woven textiles and assessment of permanence of the antimicrobial finish of the nonwoven textile materials prepared from polypropylene fibers. Experience and results obtained by the quantitative test methods specified in AATCC TM 100 and STN EN ISO 20743 intended to evaluate the effectiveness of the antibacterial finish are published in the contribution. Emphasis is placed on comparability of the selected test methods, on the test microorganism used in the study as well as on evaluation of the results of antibacterial effectiveness. The non-woven fabrics, that were the subject of the evaluation, were pre-treated by surface activation with low-temperature plasma at atmospheric pressure and subsequently finished using antimicrobial (AMB) nanosol solution with a concentration of 15 ppm Ag+, 30 ppm Ag+, 60 ppm Ag+ and 120 ppm Ag+. Antibacterial effectiveness before washing and after 5 washing cycles is demonstrated on the specific examples obtained from practice.
DESIGN A BRA SIZING SYSTEM FOR VIETNAMESE WOMEN BASED ON 3D SCAN DATA
(Technical University of Liberec, ) NGUYEN, THANH TUNG; TRAN, THI MINH KIEU; PENG, LI-HSUN; HOANG, SY TUAN; Technická univerzita v Liberci
This study focuses on the body shape of Vietnamese women, collected from large-scale measurement data, to establish a bra size system for mature Vietnamese women aged 18 to 55. Measurement data was collected from 1100 subjects using a 3D scanner. During the data collecting process, 18 measurements at the chest area were classified and used for the research and analysis. Data analysis is performed by the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) method and Numerical Analysis. Mean and median values are used to understand the central tendency of sizing charts. Standard deviation is leveraged to derive size categories, intervals and separate the outliers. Two size-matching solutions are implemented to find the optimal sizing system. The result found a 26 sizes bra system which is a combination of 5 band sizes and 6 cup sizes, with a response rate of 98.27% based on the primary dimensions of bust girth and underbust girth. The study's results were compared with the bra size systems of some countries in Asia and around the world, showing that differences in body shape have led to differences in the systems. the number of sizes. The ultimate goal of this research is to systematically establish a data database with local characteristics and significance that will contribute to sustainable development in academic research, industrial production, application, commercial activities, and service design in the future. The results of this study are meaningful for bra manufacturers in the Vietnamese market and for women in selecting suitable bras for their somatotype.
DESIGN AND INVESTIGATION THE OPERATION OF TEXTILE BASED ELECTRODES FOR ELECTROTHERAPY
(Technical University of Liberec, ) AGHADAVOOD, ROYA; SHAHBAZ, ZAHRA; KHEIRI, TAHEREH; SHANBEH, MOHSEN; MARTINEK, RADEK; Technická univerzita v Liberci
Electrostimulation is a way of treatment various nerve and muscle injuries as well as acute and chronic pain conditions. The electrotherapy which is increasingly used in physiotherapy, muscle is exposed to an electrical pulse in order to activate excitable tissue using external electrodes with the aim of building muscle strength, enhancement healing, improvement in patient’s mobility or reducing painTextile based electrodes are significantly noticed in the aspects of being flexible and re-usable and no needs of hydrogels, thereby avoiding skin irritation and allergic reactions and enhancing user comfort. This article presents a kind of textile based electrodes made of conductive yarns containing stainless steel/plyester blend fiber. The embroidery technique was used to prepare the textile based electrodes.Samples were examined on 10 people with pain in their bodies in a hospital without being moisturised. The purpose of this study is to asses the performance of 3 different textile based electrodes, considering the conductivity of the yarns which have been used to produce textile based electrodes, the usfulness of them for electrotherapy and comparing them with rubber electrodes commonly are used in clinics regularly.
DESIGN OF ELECTRONICALLY CONTROLLED JACQUARD MACHINE FOR MULTI-SHED WEAVING MACHINES
(Technical University of Liberec, ) ARSOY, RAŞIT; ASLAN, SELÇUK; Technická univerzita v Liberci
The Jacquard shed opening system, which makes it possible to open the shed by controlling the warp threads in groups and obtain different designs and shapes, differs from other shed opening systems in that each group of warp threads and each of them can be controlled as needed. The various warp movements, which are limited by the number of frames in other shedding systems, are limited by the number of sinkers in the Jacquard system. Since all known Jacquard shedding systems are designed for operation with single shed weaving machines, they cannot be used for shedding on multiple weaving machines. In this study, a new electronically controlled jacquard machine for multiple shed weaving machines was developed, which eliminates this problem and enables the opening of the weaving compartments by controlling the warp threads individually in multiple shed weaving machines, thus allowing the weaving of all known jacquard fabric patterns. The technological and kinematic schemes of the jacquard machine were prepared taking into account the type of fabric to be produced, the operating principles of the weft insertion and shedding mechanisms to be used in the machine to be developed, and the expectations for improving the technical and economic indicators of the machine. The electronically controlled pattern reading system, which consists of modules in the machine, converts the electronic data into mechanical data to ensure shedding. In the cam shedding mechanism, which transmits motion to the knives in the form of a stepped shaft in the multiple weaving machine, the warp threads are placed on the knives so that they can move vertically. They are controlled by specially structured sinkers which, in contact with the blades, move from the lower to the upper state with the help of the blades and from the upper to the lower state with the help of springs. When the warp threads are to remain in the upper position according to the pattern, the sinkers are interlocked by electromagnets to form an undulating nozzle corresponding to the fabric pattern. By arranging the interlocking projections along the sinker, it is possible to match the density of the sinker to the density of the warp threads. Since the machine allows weaving of all known jacquard fabrics, the problem of not being able to produce weaves other than the rag foot weave, which is considered one of the major drawbacks of multiple shed weaving machines, has been solved.
DESIGNING OF HEALTH-SAVING MEN’S GLOVES
(Technical University of Liberec, ) BUKHANTSOVA, LIUDMYLA; LUSCHEVSKA, OLENA; YANTSALOVSKYI, OLEKSANDR; KRASNIUK, LARYS; TROYAN, OLEKSANDR; KULESHOVA, SVETLANA; DITKOVSKA, OLESYA; Technická univerzita v Liberci
Living during a COVID-19 pandemic has negative effects on a person's psychophysiological state such as high-stress levels, leading to poor health, chronic fatigue and insomnia. As a result, the immunity is reduced, which is particularly dangerous today. One way to solve this problem is the use of health-saving clothing, which has additional features that provide the positive effect on the wearer’s body. The developed gloves affect the state of the human autonomic nervous system through biological-active locations in the places of the hand and wrist. An anthropometric study of the biological-active locations of the wrist and hand is performed to construct the glove design. An algorithm for constructing a drawing of the design of the designed product based on four measurements is proposed. The effectiveness of the adaptive gloves is confirmed by studying its effect on the psycho-emotional and psychophysiological state of a person without exposure to the product and after its use by software "Intera-Diacor" and "ROFES", and a questionnaire. The evaluation is performed after wearing gloves for 20-40 minutes. It was found that 83.3 % of the wearers of the health-saving gloves showed positive changes in the body's compensatory forces (stress) and the state of internal emotional fatigue. Thus, the use of health-saving gloves has a positive social, therapeutic (health-saving) and economic effect, as the product has several functions It is an accessory fashion, has hand protection, and, has additional features to positively influence the body of the person wearing it. This allows the future to talk about the use of consumer-friendly and effective ways to correct the men's psychoemotional and psychophysiological states, based on the safer-by-design concept.
DETECTING DAMAGED ZONES ALONG SMART SELFSENSORY CARBON BASED TRC BY TDR
(Technical University of Liberec, ) GABEN, MAHDI; GOLDFELD, YISKA; Technická univerzita v Liberci
The study aims to investigate the ability of smart self-sensory carbon roving to detect damaged zones in TRC structures. State of the art monitoring procedures are based on integrative measurements and accordingly are limited in detecting only the occurrence of damage. This study aims to handle this limitation and offers to adopt the Time Domain Reflectometer (TDR) technique. The TDR concept is widely used in Bayonet Nut Coupling (BNC) cables to identify defects along the cable (opens, shorts, etc.). The current study adopts its principle to carbon rovings. To simulate the BNC cable configuration, the study offers to connect two parallel carbon rovings to the TDR Data Acquisition (DAQ) system. The proposed monitoring technique is investigated by loading two textile reinforced MPC beams under uniaxial tensile loading. Results show the potential of the suggested technique to locate damage zones in TRC structures and highlights its limitation.
DETERMINATION OF TENSION FOR ARAMID AND CARBON YARNS WHILE WEAVING INDUSTRIAL FABRICS
(Technical University of Liberec, ) Shcherban, Volodymyr; Kolysko, Oksana; Melnyk, Gennadiy; Kolysko, Marijna; Shcherban, Yuriiy; Shchutska, Ganna; Technická univerzita v Liberci
Resulting from researches conducted to determine tension for para-aramid, meta-aramid, and carbon multifilament yarns during their contact with the operative parts of the weaving looms as part of the industrial fabrics formation process, we have found out that in threading areas the tension is increasing driven by variation of values of the friction forces in the contact area. It has been proven that tension degree of para-aramid, meta-aramid, and carbon multifilament yarns before industrial fabric formation area is influenced by (1) tension before cylindrical guide surface of an operative part, (2) radius of the cylindrical guide surface curve of the operative part, (3) contact angle between yarns and cylindrical guide surface of an operative part, (4) mechanical, physical and structural properties of para-aramid, metaaramid, and carbon multifilament yarns. It allowed (yet at the initial stage of design of technological process of industrial fabric formation) to determine para-aramid, meta-aramid, and carbon multifilament yarns tension before formation area depending on (1) form of threading line for yarns at the weaving loom, (2) mechanical, physical and structural properties of para-aramid, meta-aramid, and carbon multifilament yarns and industrial fabrics. The paper contains experimental research of interaction of para-aramid, metaaramid, and carbon multifilament yarns and cylindrical guide surfaces of the operative parts of automatic weaving looms. Based on experimental researches regression dependencies have been obtained between para-aramid, meta-aramid, and carbon multifilament yarns tension value after cylindrical guide surfaces of the operative part and (1) tension before cylindrical guide surface of the operative part, (2) radius of the cylindrical guide surface curve of the operative part, (3) contact angle between yarns and cylindrical guide surface of the operative part. Consecutive application of these regression dependencies allows to determine para-aramid, meta-aramid, and carbon multifilament yarns tension before industrial fabrics formation area. Analysis of regression dependencies allowed to find out values of technological parameters when para-aramid, meta-aramid, and carbon multifilament yarns tension before industrial fabrics formation area will be of minimum value. It will allow to minimize tension of para-aramid, metaaramid, and carbon multifilament yarns while manufacturing resulting in (1) yarn breakages reduction, (2) better productivity of weaving looms due to reduced stoppage time, (3) improved quality of manufactured industrial fabrics. Therefore, we can argue that suggested technological solutions are practically attractive. In view of this, it is reasonable to say that it is possible to directionally regulate the process of para-aramid, meta-aramid, and carbon multifilament yarns tension change while manufacturing industrial fabrics on the weaving looms through selection of values of guides’ geometrical parameters.
THE DEVELOPMENT AND ANALYSIS OF ECO-PRINT AND SCREEN PRINTING COMBINATION USING NATURAL DYES
(Technical University of Liberec, ) TRI, YULIANA; NOORYAN, BAHARI; Technická univerzita v Liberci
Natural dye is one of the solutions to alleviate environmental damage caused by the textile industry. Existing synthetic dyes have been proven to adversely affect the environment and human. Hence, revisiting natural dyes becomes a correct decision to alleviate existing environmental problems. Eco-print is one of the natural dyeing methods done by using plants typically found in the surroundings. This method has become the subject of various developments, both in its mordanting and making processes. Its visual aesthetics should also receive attention to avoid stagnation. Further development and innovation are necessary. The purpose of this study was to develop the visual aesthetic aspect of the eco-print method. It particularly focused on developing the design and production technique in terms of concepts, materials, and working techniques. This work also adopted a screen printing technique to enrich the motifs and colors. The method utilized in this research was art-based research with the premise of adapting artistic creativity to social research using an artistic practice approach because both are holistic and dynamic. The result showed that eco-print and screen printing methods could be combined, as the latter significantly enhance the eco-print product’s visual aesthetics. However, the result of this combination exhibited poor color fastness, implying the need for further study.
DEVELOPMENT OF A METHOD TO DIGITIZE CLOTHING PATTERNS
(Technical University of Liberec, ) ZAKHARKEVICH, OKSANA; KOSHEVKO, JULIA; SKYBA, MYKOLA; DITKOVSKA, OLESYA; SELEZNEVA, ANNA; LUSCHEVSKA, OLENA; Technická univerzita v Liberci
The study aims to develop a method to digitize a clothing pattern without a digitizer. For this study, we address the following objectives: formulate a hypothesis of the method, describe the method’s algorithm, and perform testing and evaluation of the developed method. The idea of the developed method is as follows: digitizing the clothing patterns might be achieved without digitizer by applying modification tools of the pattern design systems to the digital simple geometrical forms constructed directly in the graphical environment of the system. Testing and evaluation of the developed method confirmed the initial hypothesis. The achieved result of the current study is the alternative method to digitize clothing patterns when it is necessary to avoid additional costs.
AN ECO-FRIENDLY DYE FOR BATIK CLOTHES: A NATURAL DYE SOLUTION MADE OF MANGO SEEDS EXTRACT (Mangifera indica L.)
(Technical University of Liberec, ) Sobandi, Bandi; Supiarza, Hery; Gunara, Sandie; Gunawan, Wawan; Hamdani, Hafizh Yasir; Technická univerzita v Liberci
Waste pollution resulting from the production process of synthetic batik dyes is against the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in the aspects of waste management systems and clean water. One effort to cut down the amount of pollution is the use of natural dyes for coloring batik clothes. This undertaking is not only healthy but also expected to bring in some added value economically, community empowerment, and intergenerational inheritance. This experimental research was carried out collaboratively between the Textile and Batik Craft Studio at the Indonesian University of Education, the Umymay Batik Studio, and the Yogyakarta Batik and Craft Center. A batik cloth was dyed 5 times with a mango seed extract solution as the dependent variable, then fixed with lime solution (Ca(OH)2) and Ferrous Sulfate solution (FeSO4.7H2O) as the independent variables. The dyed fabrics were tested for their colorfastness against washing and sun exposure. The results of the study: 1) The process of dyeing the batik cloth was performed through several stages, that is, by cutting the cloth with a canting stamp, dyeing the cloth, and fixing it with Ca(OH)2 and FeSO4.7H2O, the batik cloth fixed with Ca(OH)2 tended to be brown in color while the other one fixed with FeSO4.7H2O resulted in black; 2) The results of the Color Fastness Test against Washing at 40℃ on the batik cloth that has been dyed with mango seed extract fixed with Ca(OH)2 and FeSO4.7H2O were considered a good category with respective values of 4 on a scale of 5. Likewise, the results of the Color Resistance to Light: Day Light Ray Resistant Test Value with the fixation of Ca(OH)2 and FeSO4.7H2O was in the moderate category with a value of 3 each on a scale of 5. There should be a governmental policy to promote a green industry. As for batik artisans, they can utilize an eco-friendly alternative dye for batik clothes.
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT CRIMP METHOD OF JUTE FIBRE ON STRENGTH AND ELONGATION PROPERTIES OF JUTE YARN AND WOVEN FABRIC
(Technical University of Liberec, ) AKTER, SHILPI; MOTALAB, MOHAMMAD ABDUL; HELALI, MAKSUD; Technická univerzita v Liberci
Yarn and fabric strength is one of the most important parameters to predict the uses of the end product. Fabric strength mostly depends on yarn strength and yarn strength is prejudiced by fibre strength or fibre properties. Crimp is one of the essential parameter that influences the fibre properties. In this research, crimp box and gear crimp methods were used to introduce crimp into jute fibre. It was found that crimps were irregular in size, shape and number produced from crimp box method. On the other hand, crimps produced from gear crimp method were comparatively regular in size, shape and number. Yarn and fabric strength tests were carried out according to testing standard. It was revealed that yarn strength and elongation at break of gear crimp method were higher than that of crimp box method. Apart from this, fabric strength and elongation were also improved for a regular and increased number of crimps for gear crimp method.
EFFECT OF MECHANICAL CRIMP OF JUTE FIBRE ON THE THERMAL PROPERTIES OF WOVEN FABRICS
(Technical University of Liberec, ) Akter, Shilpi; Motalab, Mohammad Abdul; Helali, Maksud; Technická univerzita v Liberci
The aim of this paper is to find the effect of mechanical crimp of jute fibre on the thermal properties of woven jute fabrics. In this study, crimp box and gear crimping method were used to impart mechanical crimp into jute sliver. Crimps were divulged to enhance the cohesion between fibres that make it suitable for spinning. Jute yarns were produced by inserting a different number of crimps and woven fabrics were produced by using these yarns. Fabric thickness, porosity, air permeability and thermal conductivity tests were done according to standard method and found that fabric porosity, air permeability and thermal conductivity of the fabric decreased and fabric thickness increased with the increased number of crimps and fabrics from gear crimping method showed better effect than that of crimp box method. The study on jute woven fabric will provide quantitative experimental data for potential applications with advantages of lightweight, cost-effective, easy to manufacture, biodegradable and excellent mechanical properties.
THE EFFECT OF POLYMER TYPE AND FIBER ORIENTATION ON THE COMPLIANCE PROPERTIES OF ELECTROSPUN VASCULAR GRAFTS
(Technical University of Liberec, ) OZDEMIR, SUZAN; OZTEMUR, JANSET; SEZGIN, HANDE; YALCIN-ENIS, IPEK; Technická univerzita v Liberci
Vascular diseases are a major source of fatalities globally. However, the lack of accessibility of autologous vessels and the poor efficacy of commercial small-diameter vascular grafts limit surgical alternatives. Researchers therefore aimed to develop vascular prostheses that meet all requirements. Apart from the benefits of tissue-engineered grafts, significant obstacles that still hinder successful grafting include compliance mismatch, dilatation, thrombus development, and the absence of elastin. Among these issues, compliance mismatch between native vessel and artificial vascular scaffold has been mentioned in the literature as a possible cause of intimal hyperplasia, suture site rupture and endothelial and platelet cell damage. As a result, the usage of suitable materials and optimized fabrication techniques are required to achieve better control over the characteristics and functionality of the grafts. In particular, in the case of electrospun vascular grafts, the compliance can be adjusted throughout a broad range of values by adjusting the electrospinning parameters such as material selection, fiber orientation, porosity, and wall thickness. In this study, the electrospun vascular grafts consisting of pure PCL, PLA, and their blends were produced by using two different rotation speeds to achieve the oriented and non-oriented scaffolds. The impact of polymer type and fiber orientation on the compliance properties was evaluated. The results revealed that both material selection and fiber alignment have a significant effect on the compliance levels. PCL100_R grafts had the highest compliance value whereas the PCLPLA50_O scaffold had the lowest.

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