Lukašenko a politický systém současného Běloruska
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2024-08-27
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Abstract
Tato bakalářská práce se zabývá politickým systémem Běloruska za vlády Alexandra Lukašenka od doby rozpadu SSSR. Analytický rámec zahrnuje institucionální uspořádání, roli prezidenta, politické strany a opozici, represe a lidská práva, zahraniční vztahy a možné budoucí vývoje.
Politický systém Běloruska je charakterizován silným prezidentským systémem, který ovládá jednotnou politickou strukturu. Prezident Alexandr Lukašenko, který nastoupil do funkce v roce 1994, upevnil svou moc a ovládá zemi s minimálními kontrolními mechanismy. Tato dominance prezidentského úřadu byla doprovázena omezením politických svobod, represemi vůči opozici a porušováním lidských práv. Nedávné události, zejména protestní hnutí v roce 2020, odhalily rostoucí nejistotu a nespokojenost obyvatelstva s politickým režimem. Tyto události naznačují potřebu politických změn a otevřené diskuse o budoucnosti země.
Analytický přístup této práce spočívá v kombinaci akademických studií, zpráv mezinárodních organizací a mediálních zdrojů. Závěry práce poskytují komplexní pohled na politický systém Běloruska za vlády Alexandra Lukašenka a přispívají k lepšímu porozumění politické situace v zemi.
Tato anotace stručně shrnuje obsah a cíle bakalářské práce, zatímco naznačuje klíčové body, které budou dále analyzovány.
This bachelor thesis deals with the political system of Belarus under the rule of Alexander Lukashenko since the collapse of the USSR. The analytical framework includes institutional arrangements, the role of the president, political parties and the opposition, repression and human rights, foreign relations, and possible future developments. The political system of Belarus is characterized by a strong presidential system that governs a unified political structure. President Alexander Lukashenko, who took office in 1994, has consolidated his power and controls the country with minimal controls. This dominance of the presidency has been accompanied by restrictions on political freedoms, repression of the opposition, and human rights violations. Recent events, especially the protest movement in 2020, have revealed the growing insecurity and dissatisfaction of the population with the political regime. These events indicate the need for political change and an open discussion about the country's future. The analytical approach of this thesis is based on a combination of academic studies, reports of international organizations and media sources. The conclusions of the thesis provide a comprehensive view of the political system of Belarus under the rule of Alexander Lukashenko and contribute to a better understanding of the political situation in the country. This annotation briefly summarizes the content and objectives of the bachelor thesis, while outlining the key points that will be further analyzed.
This bachelor thesis deals with the political system of Belarus under the rule of Alexander Lukashenko since the collapse of the USSR. The analytical framework includes institutional arrangements, the role of the president, political parties and the opposition, repression and human rights, foreign relations, and possible future developments. The political system of Belarus is characterized by a strong presidential system that governs a unified political structure. President Alexander Lukashenko, who took office in 1994, has consolidated his power and controls the country with minimal controls. This dominance of the presidency has been accompanied by restrictions on political freedoms, repression of the opposition, and human rights violations. Recent events, especially the protest movement in 2020, have revealed the growing insecurity and dissatisfaction of the population with the political regime. These events indicate the need for political change and an open discussion about the country's future. The analytical approach of this thesis is based on a combination of academic studies, reports of international organizations and media sources. The conclusions of the thesis provide a comprehensive view of the political system of Belarus under the rule of Alexander Lukashenko and contribute to a better understanding of the political situation in the country. This annotation briefly summarizes the content and objectives of the bachelor thesis, while outlining the key points that will be further analyzed.
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Bělorusko, Politický systém, Alexandr Lukašenko, Autoritativní režim, Prezidentský systém, Opozice, Represe, Lidská práva, Zahraniční vztahy, Demokratizace, Volby, Média, demokratické reformy, Budoucí vývoj.