Studium adsorpce proteinů na polyesterové nanovlákenné materiály
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Date
2021-06-15
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Abstract
Materiály s nanovlákennou strukturou jsou v oblasti medicíny považované za žhavé téma posledních let. Vývoj těchto materiálů ve tkáňovém inženýrství udělal ohromný pokrok. Nanovlákenné materiály se využívají v cílené dopravě léčiv nebo jako tkáňové nosiče. Pro vývoj těchto materiálů je důležité to, jak na ně organismus bude reagovat. Zásadní význam v odpovědi organismu na materiály má proteinová adsorpce, protože určuje tzv. biologickou identitu materiálů. V této bakalářské práci byla studována proteinová adsorpce na vybrané polyesterové biodegradabilní materiály s rozdílnou morfologií a chemickou strukturou. Byl analyzován vliv morfologie a chemické struktury materiálu na proteinovou adsorpci. U testovaných materiálů byla provedena morfologická analýza a analýza smáčivosti. Následně byla analyzována časová závislost proteinové adsorpce na testované materiály. Proteinová adsorpce byla testována pomocí modelového proteinu (hovězí sérový albumin, BSA). Bylo analyzováno množství slabě a silně vázaných proteinů na materiál ve vybraných časových intervalech pomocí spektrofotometrických, flourimetrických a elektroforetických metod. Z výsledků je patrné, že nejvíce proteinů, jak slabě, tak i silně vázaných, se adsorbovalo na materiál z kyseliny polymléčné. Celkově se navázalo 0,8 mg proteinů na 1 mg vzorku. Časová závislost adsorpce nám ukazuje určitý trend. U materiálů vyrobených pouze z čistého polymeru (polykaprolakton a kyselina polymléčná) je maximální adsorpce v intervalu 1 hodiny, za to pro kopolymery a blendy je maximální adsorpce při 24 hodinách. Ze získaných výsledků vidíme, že morfologie a chemická struktura materiálů ovlivňují množství adsorbovaných proteinů na materiál. Materiál z polykaprolaktonu s vyšší molekulovou hmotností měl vyšší průměry vláken a adsorboval více proteinů než materiál z polykaprolaktonu, který měl nižší molekulovou hmotnost.
The materials with the nanofiber structure are considered as a hot topic of the last years in the medical science. The development of these materials made a huge progress in the tissue engineering. Nanofiber materials are used as a drug delivery or as scaffolds. The important thing for development of these materials is how the organism will react to them. The protein adsorption is the main thing in the response of the organism to the materials because the protein adsorption determines the biological identity of the materials. In this bachelor thesis the protein adsorption was studied on the chosen biodegradable polyester materials with different morphology and chemical structure. The meaning of the morphology and the chemical structure was analysed upon to a protein adsorption. The morphological analysis and the analysis of the wettability was performed on the tested materials. Then the time dependency of the protein adsorption was analysed on the tested materials. The protein absorption was tested via modelled protein (BSA). The analysis of weakly and strongly bound proteins on the materials was performed during the time periods via spectrophotometric, fluorimetric and electrophoretic methods. We can see from the results, that the most of the weakly and strongly bound proteins were adsorbed to polymer of the lactic acid. The total amount of adsorbed proteins is 0,8 mg of the protein per 1 mg of the polylactic acid. The time dependency of the adsorption shows some certain trend. The materials created only from pure polymer (polycaprolactone and polylactic acid) have maximal adsorption in 1 hour and on the other side, for the copolymers and blends is a maximal adsorption in 24 hours of adsorption. In the end we can see that the amount of the adsorbed proteins on materials are affected by morphology and chemical structure of the materials. Polycaprolactone with higher molecular weight has higher average of fibers and adsorbed more proteins than polycaprolactone with lower molecular weight.
The materials with the nanofiber structure are considered as a hot topic of the last years in the medical science. The development of these materials made a huge progress in the tissue engineering. Nanofiber materials are used as a drug delivery or as scaffolds. The important thing for development of these materials is how the organism will react to them. The protein adsorption is the main thing in the response of the organism to the materials because the protein adsorption determines the biological identity of the materials. In this bachelor thesis the protein adsorption was studied on the chosen biodegradable polyester materials with different morphology and chemical structure. The meaning of the morphology and the chemical structure was analysed upon to a protein adsorption. The morphological analysis and the analysis of the wettability was performed on the tested materials. Then the time dependency of the protein adsorption was analysed on the tested materials. The protein absorption was tested via modelled protein (BSA). The analysis of weakly and strongly bound proteins on the materials was performed during the time periods via spectrophotometric, fluorimetric and electrophoretic methods. We can see from the results, that the most of the weakly and strongly bound proteins were adsorbed to polymer of the lactic acid. The total amount of adsorbed proteins is 0,8 mg of the protein per 1 mg of the polylactic acid. The time dependency of the adsorption shows some certain trend. The materials created only from pure polymer (polycaprolactone and polylactic acid) have maximal adsorption in 1 hour and on the other side, for the copolymers and blends is a maximal adsorption in 24 hours of adsorption. In the end we can see that the amount of the adsorbed proteins on materials are affected by morphology and chemical structure of the materials. Polycaprolactone with higher molecular weight has higher average of fibers and adsorbed more proteins than polycaprolactone with lower molecular weight.
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Tkáňové inženýrství, proteinová adsorpce, nanovlákenné materiály, biodegradabilní polyestery, Tissue engineering, protein adsorption, nanofiber materials, biodegradable polyester