Historie továrny Mastných v Lomnici nad Popelkou v kontextu textilního průmyslu v severních Čechách
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Date
2024-06-11
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Abstract
Zpracovávání textilií mělo zejména v oblasti severních Čech značnou historickou tradici, zprvu se však jednalo o domácké tkaní lnu a sukna. Na přelomu 18. a 19. století se nicméně do onoho prostoru dostala bavlna, která se posléze stala nejzpracovávanější textilií. Nástupem průmyslové revoluce nicméně došlo také k přechodu od ručního k mechanickému tkaní. Jeden z podniků, který se věnoval právě tkaní bavlny, založil Vincenc Mastný v polovině 19. století v Lomnici nad Popelkou, tehdy u Jičína. Společnost Mastných prosperovala i několik desítek let po jeho úmrtí a úspěšně se potýkala ve své existenci s několika krizovými body. Osudnou se jí ale stala krize v textilnictví ve 20. letech 20. století.
Cílem práce je heuristikou pramenů a odborné literatury zrekonstruovat příběh továrny Mastných napříč 19. stoletím a první polovinou 20. století.
The processing of textiles had a considerable historical tradition, especially in northern Bohemia, but at first, it involved domestic weaving of linen and cloth. At the turn of the 18th and 19th centuries, cotton entered this area and eventually became the most processed textile. With the onset of the Industrial Revolution, there is also a transition from manual to mechanical weaving. In the middle of the 19th century, Vincenc Mastný founded one of the businesses focusing on cotton weaving in Lomnice nad Popelkou, then Lomnice at Jičín. Even though the Mastný company prospered for several decades after his death and successfully dealt with many critical points, the crisis in the textile industry in the 1920s proved fatal. The thesis aims to reconstruct the story of the Mastný factory across the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century using heuristics of primary sources and professional literature.
The processing of textiles had a considerable historical tradition, especially in northern Bohemia, but at first, it involved domestic weaving of linen and cloth. At the turn of the 18th and 19th centuries, cotton entered this area and eventually became the most processed textile. With the onset of the Industrial Revolution, there is also a transition from manual to mechanical weaving. In the middle of the 19th century, Vincenc Mastný founded one of the businesses focusing on cotton weaving in Lomnice nad Popelkou, then Lomnice at Jičín. Even though the Mastný company prospered for several decades after his death and successfully dealt with many critical points, the crisis in the textile industry in the 1920s proved fatal. The thesis aims to reconstruct the story of the Mastný factory across the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century using heuristics of primary sources and professional literature.
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Textil, továrna, bavlna, průmysl, průmyslová revoluce, Lomnice nad Popelkou, Semilsko, Mastný