Ethylenediamine based PA Thin-Film Composite Membrane for Separation of Salty Water
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Tato práce se zaměřuje na přípravu kompozitní tenkovrstvé membrány z polyamidu (PA) aplikací monomerů ethylendiaminu (EDA) a trimesoylchloridu (TMC) na vrstvu z nanovláken. Hlavním cílem této práce je vyvinout kompozitní tenkovrstvé membrány pro efektivní separaci soli z vody. K dosažení tohoto cíle jsou podniknuty následující kroky: (a) stanovení optimální koncentrace monomeru EDA, (b) optimalizace doby reakce monomerů a optimalizace intervalu mezi dvěma monomery. Smísení s dalším vodou rozpustným monomerem (PIP), (c) zlepšení hydrofilních vlastností povrchu nanovlákenné podpůrné vrstvy, (d) optimalizace doby pro vytvrzení.
V tomto experimentu jsou chlorid sodný (NaCl) a síran hořečnatý (MgSO4) podrobeny testu selektivity. Počáteční výsledky přípravy membrán ukázaly nižší než očekávané míry selektivity jak pro NaCl, tak pro MgSO4, což vyžadovalo systematický přístup k optimalizaci. Zvlášť změny koncentrace monomeru, doby reakce a kombinací monomerů poskytly náhled na modifikovatelné parametry efektivity membrány. Studie ukázala, že opakovanými úpravami lze dosáhnout míry odmítnutí až 84,95 % pro MgSO4 a 83,53 % pro NaCl. Kromě toho studie zkoumala účinek pH a odhalila významný nárůst schopnosti odmítnutí při nižších hodnotách pH.
Optimální membrány byly vybrány na základě schopnosti účinně odfiltrovat sůl. Kvůli zvýšené složitosti spojené s odstraňováním jednovaletní soli NaCl je naším hlavním zájmem eliminace soli NaCl. Vybrané membrány byly následně podrobeny další charakterizaci. Tato studie posunuje technologii membrán pro efektivní čištění vody, zejména v procesech odsolování.
This thesis focuses on the preparation of a polyamide (PA) thin film composite membrane by applying ethylenediamine (EDA) and trimesoyl chloride (TMC) monomers onto a nanofibrous layer. The primary objective of this thesis is to develop composite thin-film membranes for the efficient separation of saline water. To achieve this objective, the following steps are taken: (a) the concentration of EDA monomer required for optimisation, (b) the optimisation of the monomers immersion time and the optimisation of the interval between the immersions. Blending with a further water-soluble monomer (PIP), (c) enhancing the hydrophilic characteristics of the surface of a nanofiber support layer, (d) the optimisation of time for curing. In this experiment, sodium chloride (NaCl) and magnesium sulphate (MgSO4) are both subjected to a rejection test. Initial membrane preparation results revealed lower-than-anticipated rejection rates for both NaCl and MgSO4, necessitating a systematic optimisation approach. In particular, alterations in monomer concentration, reaction durations, and monomer combinations provided insight into modifiable membrane performance parameters. The study demonstrated that rejection rates as high as 84.95 % for MgSO4 and 83.53 % for NaCl are achievable through iterative refinements. In addition, the study investigated the effect of pH, revealing a significant increase in rejection capabilities at lower pH values. The optimal membranes were selected based on their capacity to reject salt efficiently. Due to the increased complexity associated with the separation of monovalent NaCl salt, the elimination of NaCl salt is our primary focus. The selected membranes were subsequently subjected to further characterisation. This research advances membrane technology for efficient water purification, especially in desalination processes.
This thesis focuses on the preparation of a polyamide (PA) thin film composite membrane by applying ethylenediamine (EDA) and trimesoyl chloride (TMC) monomers onto a nanofibrous layer. The primary objective of this thesis is to develop composite thin-film membranes for the efficient separation of saline water. To achieve this objective, the following steps are taken: (a) the concentration of EDA monomer required for optimisation, (b) the optimisation of the monomers immersion time and the optimisation of the interval between the immersions. Blending with a further water-soluble monomer (PIP), (c) enhancing the hydrophilic characteristics of the surface of a nanofiber support layer, (d) the optimisation of time for curing. In this experiment, sodium chloride (NaCl) and magnesium sulphate (MgSO4) are both subjected to a rejection test. Initial membrane preparation results revealed lower-than-anticipated rejection rates for both NaCl and MgSO4, necessitating a systematic optimisation approach. In particular, alterations in monomer concentration, reaction durations, and monomer combinations provided insight into modifiable membrane performance parameters. The study demonstrated that rejection rates as high as 84.95 % for MgSO4 and 83.53 % for NaCl are achievable through iterative refinements. In addition, the study investigated the effect of pH, revealing a significant increase in rejection capabilities at lower pH values. The optimal membranes were selected based on their capacity to reject salt efficiently. Due to the increased complexity associated with the separation of monovalent NaCl salt, the elimination of NaCl salt is our primary focus. The selected membranes were subsequently subjected to further characterisation. This research advances membrane technology for efficient water purification, especially in desalination processes.
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tenkovrstvé kompozitní membrány, odsolování, filtrace, mezifázová polymerizace