Elektronická mýtná brána pod kapotou Blockchain
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Date
2024-01-30
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Abstract
Tato bakalářská práce se zabývá vytvořením aplikace pro výběr mýta s využitím blockchain technologie a chytrého kontraktu.
Výběr mýta se v Česku týká vozidel nad 3,5 tuny na silnicích I. třídy a dálnicích.
Technologie blockchain nabízí možnost uchování záznamů bez vkládání důvěry v třetí stranu.
Chytrý kontrakt je spustitelný kód uložený v blockchain.
Tyto technologie můžou zásadně ovlivnit trh z důvodu absence důvěry v třetí stranu.
V úvodu práce je vysvětlena technologie blockchain a chytrý kontrakt.
Dále jsou popsány aktuální metody výběru mýta.
Relevantním systémem ve výběru mýta pro tuto práci je systém elektronického mýta používaný v Česku.
Podstatná část návrhu se zabývá výběrem typu blockchain databáze.
Výsledkem výběru se stal typ private permissioned blockchain.
Výběr naopak označil typ permissionless blockchain jako za nevhodný.
Výsledkem práce je aplikace, která zpoplatňuje vozidla nad 3,5 tuny za pomoci databáze Hyperledger Fabric.
Aplikace a chytré kontrakty jsou napsány v programovacím jazyce Go.
Aplikace zpoplatňuje vozidla podle aktuálního sazebníku.
Databáze Hyperledger Fabric vede záznamy o palubních jednotkách a jejich zůstatku.
Algoritmus pro nalezení mýtného úseku funguje na principu vzdálenosti mezi aktuální polohou vozidla a mýtného úseku.
Práce čerpá z konzultací s dodavatelem mýtného systému v Česku a na Slovensku.
V závěru je aplikace porovnána s mýtným systémem v Česku.
This bachelor thesis deals with the creation of a toll collection application using blockchain technology and smart contract. Toll collection in the Czechia concerns vehicles over 3.5 tonnes on Class I roads and motorways. Blockchain technology offers the possibility of storing records without placing trust in a third party. A smart contract is an executable code stored in the blockchain. These technologies can fundamentally impact the market because of the lack of trust in a third party. In the introduction of the paper, blockchain technology and smart contract are explained. Next, the current toll collection methods are described. The relevant system in toll collection for this thesis is the electronic toll collection system used in the Czechia. A substantial part of the proposal deals with the selection of the type of blockchain database. The selection resulted in a private permissioned blockchain type. In contrast, the selection identified the permissionless blockchain type as unsuitable. The result of the work is an application that charges vehicles over 3.5 tonnes using the Hyperledger Fabric database. The application and smart contracts are written in the Go programming language. The application charges vehicles according to the current tariff. The Hyperledger Fabric database keeps track of the on-board units and their balance. The algorithm for finding the toll section works on the principle of the distance between the current location of the vehicle and the toll section. The work draws on consultations with toll system supplier in the Czechia and Slovakia. Finally, the application is compared with the toll system in the Czechia.
This bachelor thesis deals with the creation of a toll collection application using blockchain technology and smart contract. Toll collection in the Czechia concerns vehicles over 3.5 tonnes on Class I roads and motorways. Blockchain technology offers the possibility of storing records without placing trust in a third party. A smart contract is an executable code stored in the blockchain. These technologies can fundamentally impact the market because of the lack of trust in a third party. In the introduction of the paper, blockchain technology and smart contract are explained. Next, the current toll collection methods are described. The relevant system in toll collection for this thesis is the electronic toll collection system used in the Czechia. A substantial part of the proposal deals with the selection of the type of blockchain database. The selection resulted in a private permissioned blockchain type. In contrast, the selection identified the permissionless blockchain type as unsuitable. The result of the work is an application that charges vehicles over 3.5 tonnes using the Hyperledger Fabric database. The application and smart contracts are written in the Go programming language. The application charges vehicles according to the current tariff. The Hyperledger Fabric database keeps track of the on-board units and their balance. The algorithm for finding the toll section works on the principle of the distance between the current location of the vehicle and the toll section. The work draws on consultations with toll system supplier in the Czechia and Slovakia. Finally, the application is compared with the toll system in the Czechia.
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Subject(s)
blockchain, chytrý kontrakt, permissioned, hyperledger fabric, gpx, databáze, mýto