Analysis of social-economic impacts of the process of flobalization in the developing world
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Date
2013-08
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Technická Univerzita v Liberci
Technical university of Liberec, Czech Republic
Technical university of Liberec, Czech Republic
Abstract
There has been no shortage of theories and papers explaining why globalization may have adverse, insignificant, or even beneficial impacts on income and even social inequality. Surprisingly, the empirical reality remains an almost complete mystery. In this paper, the very recent data on income inequality as well as indicators of the social inequalities (in the sense of fair access to health care and education) have been used to examine this controversial issue. Since these data do not come yet in a satisfactorily long time series, the cross-sectional analysis remains the only option for the research. On the other hand, the process of globalization has been analyzed and quantified by the Swiss Economic Institute Konjunkturforschungsstelle (KOF) back to 1980 for most of the countries which makes it possible to apply the longitudinal analysis. This article combines both to search for the impact that the pace of globalization may have in the developing countries. The conclusions are rather surprising: The pace of globalization has very weak (but still significant) positive impact on income inequalities in the sample of 87 developing countries, but it has quite strong negative impact on social inequalities in these economies. Thus, the overall effect on reduction of human development due to income and social inequalities is the strongest in the countries that globalized themselves slowly in the previous two decades, while those that globalized their economies faster enjoy now more equalized societies (mainly in the sense of equal access to health care and education).
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globalization, human development, Konjunkturforschungsstelle (KOF), Human Development Index (HDI), Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index (IHDI), economic inequality, social inequality
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978-80-7372-953-0