Selected Sorption Properties of Nanofibers Assembly
Title Alternative:Vybrané sorpční vlastnosti nanovlákenné soustavy
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Technická Univerzita v Liberci
Abstract
Polyamidy byly syntetizovány poprvé v roce 1935 a od té doby jejich počet i výroba prudce roste. Vlákna z polyamidu 6 jsou v důsledku svých vynikajících vlastností jedním z široce používaných syntetických vláken v textilní oblasti. Vlákna z polyamidu 6 jsou studována jako sorbenty barviv, iontů těžkých kovů, pesticidů atd. Nicméně s růstem rychlosti rozvoje nanotechnologií, včetně elektrického zvlákňování a dalších technologií přípravy nanočástic, se mění život lidí ve všech oblastech a chování nanovlákenných soustav se stává důležitou otázkou. Systematický výzkum sorpční vlastnosti systémů polyamidových nanovláken je podstatou této práce. Před začátkem výzkumu byl proveden podrobný přehled literatury, pro identifikaci mezer v současných znalostech této problematiky, které budou doplněny v této práci. Byly studovány zejména teorie sorpce v systémech tuhá látka-kapalina, termodynamika sorpce, fotokatalýza, použití polyamidových nanovláken a nanočástic oxidu titaničitého. Zejména při využití sorpce a fotokatalýzy se očekává, že umožní optimální odstranění organických látek z vodných systémů. V této práci byly nanotechnologie implementovány do reálné studie adsorpčních vlastností soustav nanovláken na bázi polyamidu 6. Jako modelový sorbent pro sledování adsorpčních vlastností bylo vybráno organické barvivo. Byly stanoveny statické a dynamické sorpční vlastnosti soustavy nanovláken z polyamidu 6, byly využity kinetické a termodynamické modely, depozice nanočástic oxidu titaničitého a parní aktivace polyamidových nanovláken. Statická sorpční a studie odhalila, že termodynamická Langmuirova izoterma a kinetická rovnice pseudodruhého řádu dobře vyhovuje při popisu sorpce pro experimentální data ze spontánní sorpčního procesu kyselého barviva do struktury nanovláken z polyamidu 6. Parní aktivace polyamidu při teplotě nad 120 ° C vedla ke zvýšení statické sorpce kyselého barviva do soustavy nanovláken z polyamidu 6. Studie dynamické sorpce ukázala, že nanovlákna mají lepší sorpční vlastnosti vůči barvivům barviva než konvenční vlákna. Sorpční kapacita nanovláken z polyamidu 6 vůči hormonům i barvivům vykazovaly přímou úměru ke specifickému povrchu vláken. Fotokatalytické nanočástice TiO2 vykazovaly samočisticí schopnosti při koncentraci nad 18 mg/m2 a době ozařování UV světlem vyšší než 90 minut. Sorpce barviva do nanovlákenného sorbentu ovlivnila samočisticí efekt a fotokatalytické TiO2 nanočástice se ukázaly být jednou z metod pro zlepšení snížení koncentrace barviva Acid Orange 7 v roztoku. Odbarvování odpadní vody s obsahem rozpustných barviv by být jedním z možných aplikací této metody.
Since first synthesized and introduced in 1935, the polyamides' production quantities grow tremendously and polyamides' applications increased numerously. Polyamide 6 fibers are one of the widely used synthetic fibers in textile area due to its outstanding properties. As a sorbent to dyes, heavy metal ions, pesticides etc., the adsorption properties of polyamide 6 fibers assemblies have been studied for some extent. However, as the rapid development of nanotechnology including both electrospinning and nanoparticles technologies is changing people's life in all areas, how does nanofibers assembly behavior became an important question. A systematical study for adsorption properties of polyamide 6 nanofibers assembly will be realized in this work. Prior to initiation of research, a detailed literature review was conducted to understand and identify their gaps to address in this work. The theories of solid-liquid sorption, thermodynamics, and photocatalysis were studied, the application of polyamide nanofibers and Titanium dioxide nanoparticles were reviewed. This comparison of dye removing methods was expected to provide insights into optimal conditions for dye removal. In this work, nanotechnologies including electrospun nanofibers and nanoparticles were implemented for further study of adsorption properties of polyamide 6 nanofibers assembly. Dye was chosen to be a model as the sorbed material for investigating the adsorption properties. Dye static and dynamic sorption properties of polyamide 6 nanofibers assembly were detected, kinetic and thermodynamic considerations were studied, and Titanium dioxide nanoparticles deposition and steam process were applied as surface modification methods for polyamide 6 nanofibers. Static sorption and thermodynamics study revealed that Langmuir isotherm and Pseudo-second order equations fitted the sorption experimental data well, and the sorption process of acid dye on polyamide 6 nanofibers assembly was a feasibility, spontaneous, entropy-driven, and sorption. Steam treatment with temperature over 120°C encouraged the static sorption of acid dyes on polyamide 6 nanofibers assembly. Dynamic sorption study showed that nanofibers have superior dye removal properties than conventional fibers, and hormone and dye sorption capacity of polyamide 6 nanofibers showed a positive relationship with the specific surface area. TiO2 nanoparticles photocatalysis self-cleaning treatment with concentration over 18 mg/m2 and over 90 minutes under UV light could help improving the dye self-cleaning effect, and TiO2 nanoparticles photocatalysis was proved to be one method for improving the dynamic sorption capacity of Acid Orange 7 on polyamide 6 nanofibers. Decolorization of wastewater containing soluble dyes would be one of the potential applications for this method.
Since first synthesized and introduced in 1935, the polyamides' production quantities grow tremendously and polyamides' applications increased numerously. Polyamide 6 fibers are one of the widely used synthetic fibers in textile area due to its outstanding properties. As a sorbent to dyes, heavy metal ions, pesticides etc., the adsorption properties of polyamide 6 fibers assemblies have been studied for some extent. However, as the rapid development of nanotechnology including both electrospinning and nanoparticles technologies is changing people's life in all areas, how does nanofibers assembly behavior became an important question. A systematical study for adsorption properties of polyamide 6 nanofibers assembly will be realized in this work. Prior to initiation of research, a detailed literature review was conducted to understand and identify their gaps to address in this work. The theories of solid-liquid sorption, thermodynamics, and photocatalysis were studied, the application of polyamide nanofibers and Titanium dioxide nanoparticles were reviewed. This comparison of dye removing methods was expected to provide insights into optimal conditions for dye removal. In this work, nanotechnologies including electrospun nanofibers and nanoparticles were implemented for further study of adsorption properties of polyamide 6 nanofibers assembly. Dye was chosen to be a model as the sorbed material for investigating the adsorption properties. Dye static and dynamic sorption properties of polyamide 6 nanofibers assembly were detected, kinetic and thermodynamic considerations were studied, and Titanium dioxide nanoparticles deposition and steam process were applied as surface modification methods for polyamide 6 nanofibers. Static sorption and thermodynamics study revealed that Langmuir isotherm and Pseudo-second order equations fitted the sorption experimental data well, and the sorption process of acid dye on polyamide 6 nanofibers assembly was a feasibility, spontaneous, entropy-driven, and sorption. Steam treatment with temperature over 120°C encouraged the static sorption of acid dyes on polyamide 6 nanofibers assembly. Dynamic sorption study showed that nanofibers have superior dye removal properties than conventional fibers, and hormone and dye sorption capacity of polyamide 6 nanofibers showed a positive relationship with the specific surface area. TiO2 nanoparticles photocatalysis self-cleaning treatment with concentration over 18 mg/m2 and over 90 minutes under UV light could help improving the dye self-cleaning effect, and TiO2 nanoparticles photocatalysis was proved to be one method for improving the dynamic sorption capacity of Acid Orange 7 on polyamide 6 nanofibers. Decolorization of wastewater containing soluble dyes would be one of the potential applications for this method.