Browsing by Author "Závadský, Ján"
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- ItemChanges of employee motivation of Slovak enterprises due to global economic crisis(Technická Univerzita v Liberci, ) Závadský, Ján; Hitka, Miloš; Potkány, Marek; Ekonomická fakultaNowadays, at the time of economic globalisation and the European labour market formation, it is possible to carry out different analyses which enable comparsions among enterprises from the geopolitical, economical and commercial point of view. In the paper we compare the level of employee motivation in the Slovak enterprises before the beginning of the economic crisis in 2008 and in 2013 when the impact of the crisis has already been felt intensely. The year 2008 was chosen as the starting point of the analyses since the level the level of motivation was not affected by the economic crisis. The reference period was the year 2013 when the crisis, on the basis of the macroeconomic indicators, continues. Basic research sample is formed by employees of the enterprises (manufacturing and non-manufacturing) operating in the Slovak Republic. Considering the size of the basic sample we could not analyse the motivation of each item of the basic sample. The random sampling was used to choose items from the basic sample. The motivation questionnaire was created on the basis of the knowledge acquired through the long-term research and through the communication with personnel clerks in the enterprises. Motivation factors that affect the employee productivity the most were used in the questionnaire. Following the sizes of selected samples and their independence we used a two-sample t-test to determine the significance. The null hypothesis testing about equality of means of individual motivation factors in the particular period of time was carried out at the significance level α = 0.05. Following the results of analyses we state that employees need to stay motivated also from a long-term point of view. However, essential changes occur in order of importance. We can state that in the circumstances of changed motivation factors in the year 2008 and 2013 the motivation was affected by changes in economic situation and employees are focused on monetary incentives and relationship factors more.
- ItemConsumer Behaviour Changes During Times of the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Empirical Study on Slovak Consumers(Technická Univerzita v Liberci, ) Veselovská, Lenka; Závadský, Ján; Bartková, Lucia; Ekonomická fakultaThe humankind finds itself facing unparalleled situation since the worldwide outbreak of the COVID-19 created significant changes in societies worldwide. This paper aims to assess the initial response of consumers in the Slovak Republic during the early stages of the outbreak and emerged challenges for entrepreneurships. Major pandemics were proven to be a catalyst of changes in societies and economies. The main aim of this research was to examine the impacts of COVID-19 outbreak on consumers’ behaviour and draw recommendations for entrepreneurs. A survey was conducted as a method to collect data from consumers creating a representative sample of the population of the Slovak Republic. The rate of consumption has significantly increased when compared before and after the COVID-19 outbreak. The findings show how people of different age, gender and income altered their shopping habits and how the factors influencing their consumers’ behaviour changed during this situation. This paper presents one of the first studies on consumer behaviour of Slovak consumers during the COVID-19 pandemic creating a unique image of new reality and emphasizing new trends that will become significant factors of success of entrepreneurs in the near future. It shares practical experiences which can enable organizations to understand consumer behaviour influenced by COVID-19 Pandemic, to investigate novel needs of their customers and to adapt their business to the situation. Some findings such as the increase in need for safety could had been expected, however changes in importance of some factor such as the drastic decrease in brand loyalty or the influence of colleagues, friends and previous experiences with products were surprising. Findings from this study provide useful information for all entrepreneurs that need to understand how their customers have changed and what new demands may arise in the aftermath of this crisis.