Browsing by Author "Pisár, Peter"
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- ItemThe contribution of innovation actors into business R&D funding – does the substitution effect of public support work in the EU?(Technická Univerzita v Liberci, ) Pisár, Peter; Ďurčeková, Ina; Stachová, Mária; Ekonomická fakultaInnovation and R&D are becoming a prominent part of policies of countries and transnational unions such as the European Union. This is shown in strategy “Europe 2020” established by EU which prompts member states to invest 3 % of their GDP in R&D. R&D expenditure is an important indicator of innovation performance of a country. However, it is not only important to look at R&D expenditure as one aggregate indicator, but to also consider the contributions of various innovation actors to R&D funding. Since firms are known to be the main innovation actor that creates the biggest amount of innovation in national innovation system, the paper is focused on financing of business R&D. The aim of the paper is to examine business R&D funding from resources of main innovation actors and to analyze the impact of public support of R&D on private R&D investment in EU member states. The research is based on descriptive statistics as well as panel regression and correlation analysis and cluster analysis of 28 EU member states. Our results suggest that the main source used to fund business R&D comes from business sector, followed by public support and resources from abroad. The cluster analysis resulted in four clusters based on the structure of business R&D financing in the EU countries. The analysis of substitution effect of public support of R&D suggests that public support has a positive effect on private investment in business R&D, with the raise of public support for business R&D of 0.1011 % GDP resulting in 1 % increase in business funded R&D expenditure.
- ItemSpatially blind or place based policy? A comparison of innovation support in the Czech and Slovak Republic(Technical university of Liberec, Czech Republic, 2017-03-15) Šipikal, Miroslav; Szitásiová, Valéria; Pisár, Peter; Uramová, Mária; Ekonomická fakultaWith the ongoing changes in development of the European Union, also conditions for financial support are changing. For Central Europe, most financial aid comes from Cohesion policies. The same applies for the support of innovations, which are considered to be a driving force of development. One of the main debates concerning cohesion policy is the issue of “placed based” versus “spatially blind” policies. Their role mainly differs within the area of economic growth. This paper deals with the evaluation of innovation support as a driving force for economic growth from structural funds in two neighbouring EU member states – in Slovakia and the Czech Republic. This article provides a picture of what kinds of policies are implemented and how consequently the resources of the European Union are territorially distributed to support innovation. We especially dealt with the question of the support criteria for projects and their role in the implementation of support. Based on this, the paper tries to identify where assistance is concentrated and how the criteria influence the geographical distribution of this support.As a result, we found that, despite very similar spatially blind policies in both countries and very similar systems of providing support, they still have very different regional effects. In the Czech Republic, support was allocated to developed regions and high tech sectors to a greater extent. In the Slovak Republic, support was concentrated more on disadvantaged regions and in traditional sectors with lower added value. It shows the need to pay much more attention not only to policy set up, but also to policy implementation.