Browsing by Author "Lischková, Lucie"
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- ItemDetection and identification of engineered nanoparticles in exhaled breath condensate, blood serum, and urine of occupationally exposed subjects(SPRINGER WIEN, SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA, 2019-03) Lischková, Lucie; Pelclová, Daniela; Hlušička, Jiří; Navrátil, Tomáš; Vlčková, Štěpánka; Fenclová, Zdenka; Dvořáčková, Štěpánka; Popov, Alexey; Michalcová, Alena; Marek, Ivo; Marek, Ivo; Mikuška, Pavel; Ždímal, Vladimír; Koštejn, Martin; Ondráček, Jakub; Schwarz, Jaroslav; Zakharov, SergeyThe use of nanotechnology and the fields of application of nanomaterials are growing vastly, but the negative health effects on the exposed employees are not well studied. The standardized methods of monitoring of occupational exposure are still absent. The task of occupational physicians is to find the ways of evaluation of potential risks of exposure to engineered nanoparticles and to determine the biomarkers for early diagnostics and prevention of occupational diseases. The aim of our study was to detect and identify engineered nanoparticles in biological samples received from occupationally exposed subjects and to evaluate the association of findings with the results of external aerosol measurements on the workplace. The study cohort consisted of two groups of subjects. The first group was exposed to engineered nanoparticles containing mainly iron, manganese, and carbon compounds; the second group was exposed to the nanoparticles containing copper oxide. The post-shift biological samples (urine, blood serum, and exhaled breath condensate) were collected. The analysis was performed by transmission electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectroscopy. The nanoparticles were detected in all the biological samples. The most common identified chemical elements were the biogenic ones (carbon, potassium, chlorine, oxygen), but the nanoparticles containing metals were identified in EBC, blood, and urine as well (gold, silver, copper, lanthanum, cerium, and tantalum). Our results demonstrate the possibility of detection of occupational exposure to the engineered nanoparticles in human biological fluids. Further studies are necessary to compare the pre-shift and post-shift burden of samples with engineered nanoparticles and to determine the magnitude of occupational exposure during the shift.
- ItemDNA methylation profiles in a group of workers occupationally exposed to nanoparticles(MDPI, 2020-04) Rossnerová, Andrea; Honková, Kateřina; Pelclová, Daniela; Ždímal, Vladimír; Hubáček, Jaroslav A.; Chvojková, Irena; Vrbová, Kristýna; Rossner, Pavel Jr.; Topinka, Jan; Vlčková, Štěpánka; Fenclová, Zdenka; Lischková, Lucie; Klusáčková, Pavlína; Schwarz, Jaroslav; Ondráček, Jakub; Ondráčková, Lucie; Koštejn, Martin; Klema, Jiří; Dvořáčková, ŠtěpánkaThe risk of exposure to nanoparticles (NPs) has rapidly increased during the last decade due to the vast use of nanomaterials (NMs) in many areas of human life. Despite this fact, human biomonitoring studies focused on the effect of NP exposure on DNA alterations are still rare. Furthermore, there are virtually no epigenetic data available. In this study, we investigated global and gene-specific DNA methylation profiles in a group of 20 long-term (mean 14.5 years) exposed, nanocomposite, research workers and in 20 controls. Both groups were sampled twice/day (pre-shift and post-shift) in September 2018. We applied Infinium Methylation Assay, using the Infinium MethylationEPIC BeadChips with more than 850,000 CpG loci, for identification of the DNA methylation pattern in the studied groups. Aerosol exposure monitoring, including two nanosized fractions, was also performed as proof of acute NP exposure. The obtained array data showed significant differences in methylation between the exposed and control groups related to long-term exposure, specifically 341 CpG loci were hypomethylated and 364 hypermethylated. The most significant CpG differences were mainly detected in genes involved in lipid metabolism, the immune system, lung functions, signaling pathways, cancer development and xenobiotic detoxification. In contrast, short-term acute NP exposure was not accompanied by DNA methylation changes. In summary, long-term (years) exposure to NP is associated with DNA epigenetic alterations.
- ItemMarkers of Oxidative Stress in the Exhaled Breath Condensate of Workers Handling Nanocomposites(MDPI, 2019-08-10) Pelclová, Daniela; Ždímal, Vladimír; Schwarz, Jaroslav; Dvořáčková, Štěpánka; Komarc, Martin; Ondráček, Jakub; Koštejn, Martin; Kačer, Petr; Vlčková, Štěpánka; Fenclová, Zdenka; Popov, Alexey; Lischková, Lucie; Zakharov, Sergey; Bello, DhimiterResearchers in nanocomposite processing may inhale a variety of chemical agents, including nanoparticles. This study investigated airway oxidative stress status in the exhaled breath condensate (EBC). Nineteen employees (42.4 ± 11.4 y/o), working in nanocomposites research for 18.0 ± 10.3 years were examined pre-shift and post-shift on a random workday, together with nineteen controls (45.5 ± 11.7 y/o). Panels of oxidative stress biomarkers derived from lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins were analyzed in the EBC. Aerosol exposures were monitored during three major nanoparticle generation operations: smelting and welding (workshop 1) and nanocomposite machining (workshop 2) using a suite of real-time and integrated instruments. Mass concentrations during these operations were 0.120, 1.840, and 0.804 mg/m3 , respectively. Median particle number concentrations were 4.8 × 104 , 1.3 × 105 , and 5.4 × 105 particles/cm3 , respectively. Nanoparticles accounted for 95, 40, and 61%, respectively, with prevailing Fe and Mn. All markers of nucleic acid and protein oxidation, malondialdehyde, and aldehydes C6–C13 were elevated, already in the pre-shift samples relative to controls in both workshops. Significant post-shift elevations were documented in lipid oxidation markers. Significant associations were found between working in nanocomposite synthesis and EBC biomarkers. More research is needed to understand the contribution of nanoparticles from nanocomposite processing in inducing oxidative stress, relative to other co-exposures generated during welding, smelting, and secondary oxidation processes, in these workshops.