Browsing by Author "Honková, Irena"

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    CAPITAL STRUCTURE ANALYSIS – THEORIES AND DETERMINANTS VALIDATION BASED ON EVIDENCE FROM THE CZECH REPUBLIC
    (Technická Univerzita v Liberci, ) Heckenbergerová, Jana; Honková, Irena; Ekonomická fakulta
    The optimal capital structure is a key precondition for business, even though the task of defining the optimal capital structure can be difficult. Previous studies present many different and mutually contradictory factors that should be considered with respect to managerial strategic financial decisions. The first part of the presented contribution summarises the effects of the most frequent capital structure determinants and reviews the world’s most important theories about the behaviour of enterprises when deciding on capital structure. The aim of our contribution is the analysis of capital structure behaviour in the Czech environment. Fundamental capital structure theory is revealed by statistical hypotheses testing. Moreover, we are mainly targeting significant determinants of capital structure. The results help us to create general recommendations for the financial management of Czech companies. In the scope of our study, there are approximately a thousand national financial statements of Czech companies from the most important sectors of economic activity for the period 2016–2019. The correlation analysis with partial correlation coefficient and multiple linear regression analysis was utilised to determine the effects and significance of the individual determinants. Data show that Czech companies do not prefer debt financing recommended by some capital structure theories. Their financial management behaviour corresponds to pecking order theory with insufficient utilisation of tax shield. Sectorwise analyses prove only one exception; motor vehicles wholesale, retail trade, repair and maintenance sector generally prefers financing by debt. Based on the literature review, we selected six significant determinants of capital structure: size, return on assets (ROA), return on equity (ROE), tangibility, asset growth and duration. Advanced statistical analyses show the power and influence of each determinant on capital structure and their mutual relations. Autocorrelations can negatively affect the results of regression analyses. We can conclude that the capital structure of Czech companies is mainly influenced by tangibility and ROA.
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    International financial reporting standards applied in the Czech Republic
    (Technická Univerzita v Liberci, 2015-09-04) Honková, Irena; Ekonomická fakulta
    This article provides an extensive analysis of application of International Financial Reporting Standards companies with publicly traded shares in the Czech Republic for 2013. At first the attention is paid to the basic requirements of International Accounting Standards (IAS) and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) and to evaluation of proposed method. Then followed research results, based on an answer to the question of whether the companies are preparing their financial statements in accordance with IAS / IFRS, i.e. whether they serve plenty of mandatory information, and further whether individual companies act similarly. The object of the research consists in further observations regarding the implementation of the new IFRS 9 Financial Instruments, which is designed to replace IAS 39 Financial instruments: recognition and measurement. The level of the information presented was evaluated using a signed test. Using this statistical method we can conclude that companies submit their financial statements in accordance with IAS / IFRS. Using the Friedman test, it was found that the group of companies proceeds with the application of individual IAS / IFRS alike. Only two of seven respondents have already implemented IFRS9. Statistical analysis confirmed that companies reported, in their financial statements, all mandatory information that is relevant to stakeholders. On the other hand, there are also signs pointing to the contrary, but these are not statistically significant. This analysis was provided with detailed knowledge about this phenomenon.