Browsing by Author "Ahmed, Rizwan Raheem"

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
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    A comparative analysis of multivariate approaches for data analysis in management sciences
    (Technická Univerzita v Liberci, ) Ahmed, Rizwan Raheem; Streimikiene, Dalia; Streimikis, Justas; Siksnelyte-Butkiene, Indre; Ekonomická fakulta
    The researchers use the SEM-based multivariate approach to analyze the data in different fields, including management sciences and economics. Partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) and covariance-based structural equation modeling (CB-SEM) are powerful data analysis techniques. This paper aims to compare both models, their efficiencies and deficiencies, methodologies, procedures, and how to employ the models. The outcomes of this paper exhibited that the PLS-SEM is a technique that combines the strengths of structural equation modeling and partial least squares. It is imperative to know that the PLS-SEM is a powerful technique that can handle measurement error at the highest levels, trim and unbalanced datasets, and latent variables. It is beneficial for analyzing relationships among latent constructs that may not be candidly witnessed and might not be applied in situations where traditional SEM would be infeasible. However, the CB-SEM approach is a procedure that pools the strengths of both structural equation modeling and confirmatory factor analysis. The CB-SEM is a dominant multivariate technique that can grip multiple groups and indicators; it is beneficial for analyzing relationships among latent variables and multiple manifest variables, which can be directly observed. The paper concluded that the PLS-SEM is a more suitable technique for analyzing relations among latent constructs, generally for a small dataset, and the measurement error is high. However, the CB-SEM is suitable for analyzing compound latent and manifest constructs, mainly when the goal is to generalize results to specific population subgroups. The PLS-SEM and CB-SEM have specific efficiencies and deficiencies that determine which technique to use depending on resource availability, the research question, the dataset, and the available time.
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    THE COMPETENCY-BASED TRAINING & ASSESSMENT, AND IMPROVEMENT OF TECHNICAL COMPETENCIES AND CHANGES IN PEDAGOGICAL BEHAVIOR
    (Technická Univerzita v Liberci, ) Khan, Saba; Ahmed, Rizwan Raheem; Streimikiene, Dalia; Streimikis, Justas; Jatoi, Munsif Ali; Ekonomická fakulta
    This research aims to analyze the improvement of technical competencies and changes in pedagogical behavior on competency-based training and assessment. We developed a modified conceptual model with the help of previous literature. We examined the impact of competency-based training & assessment on traditional teaching methodologies, practical teaching strategies, technical knowledge, and pedagogical & technical components as outcome variables. We also incorporated behavior & psychological aspects of teachers as mediators in our modified conceptual model and examined the mediation between exogenous and endogenous variables. We have collected the data of 458 respondents using a modified structured questionnaire from public and private teachers of Sindh technical and vocational institutions online from different regions of Sindh, Pakistan. For the data analyses, we employed SEM-based multivariate techniques. The findings exhibit that the direct relationship between competency-based training & assessment (independent variable) has a significant and positive influence on traditional teaching methodologies, practical teaching strategies, technical knowledge, and pedagogical & technical components as outcome variables. Similarly, the findings further concluded that behavior & psychological aspects are potent mediators between competency-based training & assessment and traditional teaching methodologies, teaching-learning abilities, practical teaching strategies, technical knowledge, and pedagogical & technical components as outcome variables. Hence, the behavior & psychological aspects of teachers is a vital factor that accelerates the impact of competency-based training & assessment on the dependent variables. The outcomes of this research are imperative theoretical and practical implications, which may guide the direction of future researchers and policymakers of vocational training and education.
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    Karachi inter-bank offered rate (kibor) forecasting: Box-jenkins (arima) testing approach
    (Technical university of Liberec, Czech Republic, 2017-06-15) Ahmed, Rizwan Raheem; Vveinhardt, Jolita; Ahmad, Nawaz; Štreimikienė, Dalia; Ekonomická fakulta
    The aim of this paper is to find out the forecasting model that is the one, which gives the best output of forecasting. So that policy makers can be benefited from this research. Thus, this research will also evaluate the performance of ARMA, and Box-Jenkins (ARIMA) forecasting models for KIBOR in case of Pakistan. Karachi Inter Bank Offer Rates (KIBOR) is the average interest rate at which banks want to lend money to other banks. KIBOR as a benchmark, to encourage transparency, to promote consistency in market based pricing and to improve management of the market risk undertaken by banks. Researchers have used 6-month rates of KIBOR; data is of 4 years from 2012 to 2015. Therefore, keeping in view of the importance of KIBOR, the objective of this research is to forecast, Karachi Inter Bank Offer Rates (KIBOR) using time series autoregressive moving average (ARMA), Box-Jenkins (ARIMA) model. The study is significant at 1%, the forecasting of rates shows that the rates are very close to the actual one and it further concluded that the applied model Box-Jenkins (ARIMA) is perfect for the forecasting. The results of AIC revealed that there is no evidence of autocorrelation and there is no sample error and the model is useful and robust. It is finally concluded that the forecasting of KIBOR rates by ARIMA (Box-Jenkins) model is very helpful for policy makers. The results extracted from this model are reliable for making any forecasting and also beneficial for government functionaries, financial experts and policy makers of financial institutions in order to device their future strategies.