Browsing by Author "Čapek, Jan"

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    Keystroke Dynamics Authentication Using a Small Number of Samples
    (Technická Univerzita v Liberci, ) Čapek, Jan; Hub, Miloslav; Ekonomická fakulta
    The verification of a person’s identity is very important in today’s information society, especially in e-commerce systems and directly affects user account management and administration. Although present e-commerce systems use many modern sophisticated methods of authentication, large numbers of e-commerce systems use passwords for this purpose incessantly. However, passwords are not considered be too secure because users usually do not adhere to security policies for creating and managing theirs passwords. This problem can be solved by security policies that require the user to change the password frequently, select a completely new password, and structure the password, which places additional demands on the user. The solution is a two-factor authentication where a user needs to know the right password and at the same time, he must write this password in the correct way. Indeed, many different methods for keystroke dynamics authentication exist nowadays, but unfortunately, many of them need a large number of samples to create a stable template and therefore it is impossible use them in systems whose security policy requires frequent password change. The authors suggest a completely new method for these purposes that is enough stable even with a small number of measurements to create a template. This proposed method of keystroke dynamics authentication is validated and results are compared with existing methods both over the own dataset and the existing reference datasets. The authors believe that the proposed method will simplify the management and administration of user accounts as well as their security.
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    A NEW LOOK AT BANKRUPTCY MODELS
    (Technická Univerzita v Liberci, ) Kuběnka, Michal; Čapek, Jan; Sejkora, František; Ekonomická fakulta
    New models for bankruptcy prediction are constantly being formulated and tested against the current ones and current ones are tested to assess their current accuracy and to allow users to determine the reliability of the results when using the model. These models use accounting information as input data. Accounting systems, for example, US GAAP, or IFRS, contain rules that may be applied differently from one company to another without being breached. This leads to input data uncertainty. Likewise, uncertainties may arise due to errors in recording and transcribing input data or in translating the values of assets, equity or liabilities in foreign currencies. This research was focused on the effect of entry data uncertainty on models’ ability to accurately predict bankruptcy. The initial assumption was that raising the number of input values would increase the error rate probability in entry data, thus also heightening the uncertainty of the results in the given bankruptcy prediction model. The data set of tested companies contained 1,220 non-bankrupt and 285 bankrupt Czech companies. The tested models – Z’ score, Model 1, and Ycz – were applied to this sample, and in all cases, the resulting accuracy was lower than the accuracy declared by their authors. A procedure was created for the inclusion of entry data uncertainty in the practical application of a model. This procedure consists of changing the limit value of the model that separates bankrupt and non-bankrupt companies to an interval that “absorbs” such uncertainties. The model cannot classify the companies in this interval. The research shows that the inclusion of uncertainties in entry data further reduces their accuracy. However, the reduction in accuracy between the individual models varies significantly from 2.2% to 39.4% for bankrupt companies, and from 3.5% to 91.8% for non-bankrupt companies, respectively. The analysis of the entry data uncertainty effect shows the need to create models with high precision and minimum of input values because the model error rate grows the higher their number. The findings of this research can be applied in the creation of new models for predicting bankruptcy not only in the Central Europe but globally.
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    Příčiny trestné činnosti mladistvých
    (Technická Univerzita v Liberci, 2007-01-01) Čapek, Jan; Blažek, Petr
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    Příčiny trestné činnosti mladistvých
    (2007-01-01) Čapek, Jan
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    Secure information logistics
    (Technická Univerzita v Liberci, 2013-08-01) Čapek, Jan; Ekonomická fakulta
    The ability to establish financial goals and to develop strategies for ensuring long- term economic stability are critical factors in attaining economic success for any individual. The authors examine existing experience with regard to evaluation of financial literacy level in order to develop own approach to the assessment of the financial literacy of Latvian citizens. The results represent the pilot study of the level of financial literacy conducted by authors in February 2013 within the framework of the research project «Enhancing Latvian CitizensSecuritability through Development of the Financial Literacy» implemented at Riga Technical University. The methods chosen for conducting the research were: literature review and analysis, questionnaire method. The pilot study revealed great interest of respondents of different age and social position to financial literacy issues.