Možnosti minimalizace procesu zanášení s využitím nových membrán se smíšenou matricí
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Tato práce je zaměřena na problematiku zanášení membránového povrchu a minimalizaci tohoto jevu za použití membrán se smíšenou matricí. Hlavním cílem této práce bylo připravit nové membrány se smíšenou matricí, které by lépe odolávaly procesu zanášení. Dalším cílem práce bylo charakterizovat jejich vlastnosti, a to především strukturální, antimikrobiální, hydraulické, selektivní a povrchové. Modifikované membrány byly připraveny na základě polyethersulfonových membrán s přídavkem polyvinylpyrrolidonu (PVP) metodou inverze fází v koagulační lázni. Pro nalezení vhodného složení membrány před přídavkem aditiv (modifikací) byly nejprve sestaveny dvě koncentrační řady lišící se molekulovou hmotností PVP (40 a 360 kDa). Na základě provedených testů byla pro další přípravu membrán vybrána vhodná koncentrace PVP (40 kDa). Toto složení bylo dále modifikováno přídavkem aditiv, tj. nanočásticemi TiO2, ZnO, CuO či Multiwall Carbon Nanotube, ale i přídavkem disperze behenátu stříbrného.U připravených membrán se smíšenou matricí byly testovány a charakterizovány následující vlastnosti: permeabilita, selektivita, struktura, antimikrobiální vlastnosti, hydrofilita a stabilita aditiv v membráně. Aditiva se projevila s různou intenzitou v chování membrán. Změny v charakteristických vlastnostech membrán po přídavku aditiv by dle předpokladů mohly vést ke snížení procesu zanášení.
The thesis is focused on the possibilities of fouling minimization using new mixed matrix membranes. The goal of the thesis was to prepare new mixed matrix membranes that would better resist fouling process. The other goal of the thesis was to characterize the membranes, mainly with regards to their structural, antimicrobial, hydraulic, selective and surface properties.The modified membranes were based on polyethersulfone membranes with addition of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). Membranes were prepared using phase inversion method in coagulation bath. To find a suitable polymer composition, two concentration series with different molecular mass of PVP (40 and 360kDa) were prepared, and suitable PVP concentration (40 kDa) was chosen prior additive addition (membrane modification). The polymer composition was further modified through different additives. Nanoparticles of TiO2, ZnO, CuO and Multiwall Carbon Nanotube as well as silver behenate dispersal were used.Prepared mixed matrix membranes were examined in the following properties: permeability, selectivity, structure, and hydrophility. Antimicrobial properties and stability of additives in the membrane were assessed as well. The additives had different impact on membrane behaviour with different intensity, however, the changes in their characteristic properties should generally resulted in restricted fouling of membrane surfaces.
The thesis is focused on the possibilities of fouling minimization using new mixed matrix membranes. The goal of the thesis was to prepare new mixed matrix membranes that would better resist fouling process. The other goal of the thesis was to characterize the membranes, mainly with regards to their structural, antimicrobial, hydraulic, selective and surface properties.The modified membranes were based on polyethersulfone membranes with addition of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). Membranes were prepared using phase inversion method in coagulation bath. To find a suitable polymer composition, two concentration series with different molecular mass of PVP (40 and 360kDa) were prepared, and suitable PVP concentration (40 kDa) was chosen prior additive addition (membrane modification). The polymer composition was further modified through different additives. Nanoparticles of TiO2, ZnO, CuO and Multiwall Carbon Nanotube as well as silver behenate dispersal were used.Prepared mixed matrix membranes were examined in the following properties: permeability, selectivity, structure, and hydrophility. Antimicrobial properties and stability of additives in the membrane were assessed as well. The additives had different impact on membrane behaviour with different intensity, however, the changes in their characteristic properties should generally resulted in restricted fouling of membrane surfaces.
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zanášení membrán, membrány se smíšenou matricí, polyethersulfon (PES), polyvinylpyrrolidon (PVP), nanočástice, TiO2, ZnO, CuO, vícestěnné uhlíkové nanotrubičky, behenát stříbrný, charakterizace membrán, membrane fouling, mixed matrix membrane, polyethersulfone (PES), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), nanoparticles, TiO2, ZnO, CuO, Multiwall Carbon Nanotube (MWCNT), silver behenate, membrane characterization