Inteligentní senzory a jejich aplikace pro monitorování respiračních poměrů
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Tato bakalářská práce je zaměřena na návrh senzitivita inteligentního senzoru pro monitorování respiračních poměrů pomocí respirační induktivní pletysmografie (RIP). RIP je metoda pro monitorování dýchacích poměrů pomocí dýchacího pásu, ke kterému jsou připojeny inteligentní senzory a obklopují jej v oblasti hrudníku a břicha. Byla provedena rozsáhlá literární rešerše piezoelektrických materiálů, které by byly vhodné pro inteligentní senzor fyzikálních sil, zejména v nízkofrekvenčním rozsahu. Senzor síly byl navržen na základě piezoelektrické keramiky typu PZT. Byl uvažován převodník roztažné síly (způsobené změnou obvodu hrudníku) na tlakovou sílu, měřenou piezoelektrickým senzorem. Experimentálně byly zkoumány dva typy piezoelektrických materiálů: měkká keramika PZT a křemen modifikace . Piezoelektrický koeficient pro modifikaci křemene byl experimentálně ověřen v dynamickém režimu. Bylo diskutováno měření výstupního náboje Q snímače pomocí obvodu s velmi vysokou vstupní impedancí.Ukázalo se, že křemen je vhodnější než keramika PZT, pokud jde o kvalitu signálu senzoru. Pozornost byla věnována také novým relaxorovým materiálům, které vykazují extrémně vysoký koeficient elektromechanické vazby. Jejich dostupnost je však omezená. Rozsah experimentální práce byl omezen z důvodu opatření proti šíření koronaviru v období od března do května 2020, protože v laboratořích VÚTS a CxI na univerzitě byly karantény.
This bachelor thesis focuses on determining the sensitivity and design of a smart sensor that could be used in a device for the monitoring of respiratory rate with the help of respiratory inductive plethysmography (RIP). RIP is a method for monitoring respiratory rate by using a respiratory belt to which smart sensors are attached and surrounding it to the thoracic region and abdomen of a patient. An extensive literature search on piezoelectric materials that would be suitable for a smart sensor of physical forces, especially in the low-frequency range, was performed. A force sensor was designed based on PZT considering the transducer of large Force (caused by changes in chest wall movement) to the compressive Force measured by the piezoelectric sensor, was considered. Two types of piezoelectric materials were experimentally studied: PZT soft ceramics and -Quartz. The piezoelectric coefficient for Quartz modification was verified experimentally in the dynamic model. The measurement of the output charge Q of the sensor, using the circuit with a very large input impedance, was discussed. From all indications, the Quartz is more suitable than soft PZT in terms of sensor signal quality. Considerable attention was given to the more recent relaxor materials, which show an extremely high coefficient of electromechanical coupling. However, their availability is limited. The scope of the experimental work was limited by measures against the spread of coronavirus in the period from March to May 2020, as the VÚTS and CxI laboratories were on quarantine.
This bachelor thesis focuses on determining the sensitivity and design of a smart sensor that could be used in a device for the monitoring of respiratory rate with the help of respiratory inductive plethysmography (RIP). RIP is a method for monitoring respiratory rate by using a respiratory belt to which smart sensors are attached and surrounding it to the thoracic region and abdomen of a patient. An extensive literature search on piezoelectric materials that would be suitable for a smart sensor of physical forces, especially in the low-frequency range, was performed. A force sensor was designed based on PZT considering the transducer of large Force (caused by changes in chest wall movement) to the compressive Force measured by the piezoelectric sensor, was considered. Two types of piezoelectric materials were experimentally studied: PZT soft ceramics and -Quartz. The piezoelectric coefficient for Quartz modification was verified experimentally in the dynamic model. The measurement of the output charge Q of the sensor, using the circuit with a very large input impedance, was discussed. From all indications, the Quartz is more suitable than soft PZT in terms of sensor signal quality. Considerable attention was given to the more recent relaxor materials, which show an extremely high coefficient of electromechanical coupling. However, their availability is limited. The scope of the experimental work was limited by measures against the spread of coronavirus in the period from March to May 2020, as the VÚTS and CxI laboratories were on quarantine.
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měření respiračních poměrů, piezoelektrické materiály, piezoelektrický senzor, Respiratory rate measurement, piezoelectric materials, piezoelectric sensor